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Gene & Protein in Disease                                      The role of metalloproteinases in atherosclerosis



              There are only four members of TIMP family: currently,   References
            there is no evidence of specific roles for TIMP-1, TIMP-2,   1.   Costa D, Ielapi N, Minici R, et al. Metalloproteinases between
            and TIMP-4 in atherosclerosis, whereas TIMP-3 was found   history, health, disease, and the complex dimension of social
            to play protective roles in positively influencing plaque   determinants of health. J Vasc Dis. 2023;2(3):282-298.
            stability and effectively counteracting metalloproteinase
            activity. 3                                           doi: 10.3390/jvd2030021
              Over time, several synthetic MMP inhibitors have   2.   Costa D, Scalise E, Ielapi N, Bracale UM, Andreucci M,
            been identified with the aim to prevent or to treat clinical   Serra R. Metalloproteinases as biomarkers and sociomarkers
                                                                  in human health and disease. Biomolecules. 2024;14:96.
            manifestations related to atherosclerosis, but the results
            obtained  have  been  far  from  encouraging.  Despite  that,      doi: 10.3390/biom14010096
            MMPs hold promise as potential biomarkers for several   3.   Johnson JL. Metalloproteinases in atherosclerosis.  Eur J
            diseases related to atherosclerosis such as CAD, CAS,   Pharmacol. 2017;816:93-106.
            peripheral artery disease, and aneurysms.
                                                                  doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.007
              Novel research unraveling the genomics, transcriptomics,   4.   Frostegård J. Immunity, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular
            and proteomics of metalloproteinases is warranted to clarify   disease. BMC Med. 2013;11:117.
            their roles in disease development and progression so that
            safe and effective strategies can be formulated to prevent      doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-117
            and target clinical events associated with atherosclerotic   5.   Bao CH, Zhang C, Wang XM, Pan YB. Concurrent acute
            disease.                                              myocardial infarction and acute ischemic stroke: Case
                                                                  reports and literature review.  Front Cardiovasc Med.
            Conflict of interest                                  2022;9:1012345.
            The author declares no conflicts of interest.         doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1012345















































            Volume 3 Issue 1 (2024)                         2                        https://doi.org/10.36922/gpd.2776
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