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Journal of Clinical and
Basic Psychosomatics Psychosomatic influences on insomnia

hypnotics and antidepressants, may be necessary in contributing to their respective therapeutic effects. CBD is
some cases, especially when insomnia is severe or when primarily known for its anxiolytic and anti-inflammatory
psychological interventions alone are insufficient. properties. It does not produce the psychoactive effects
Furthermore, integrative and holistic approaches such associated with THC, making it an appealing option for
as acupuncture, herbal remedies, and mind-body individuals seeking relief from insomnia, without causing
practices such as yoga offer additional avenues for cognitive impairment that THC may induce. CBD’s
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treatment, particularly for patients who prefer non- influence on the ECS appears to enhance the body’s
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pharmacological options. Lifestyle modifications, such natural ability to regulate sleep, potentially by modulating
as good sleep hygiene, regular physical activity, and stress anxiety levels and promoting relaxation. This can be
management techniques, are also essential components of particularly beneficial for those whose insomnia is rooted
a comprehensive treatment plan. in psychological distress or stress-related conditions.
THC, on the other hand, is the psychoactive component
Despite significant advances in understanding and
treating psychosomatic insomnia, several challenges and of cannabis, known for its sedative properties. THC may
facilitate sleep onset by reducing sleep latency; however, its
controversies persist. One major hurdle is the heterogeneity use can also lead to alterations in sleep architecture, such
of the disorder, with patients presenting a wide array
of symptoms and contributing factors. This variability as reduced REM sleep, which could have implications for
complicates the development of standardized diagnostic overall sleep quality. The effects of THC can vary widely
among individuals, depending on factors such as dosage,
criteria and treatment protocols. In addition, ongoing tolerance, and the presence of other cannabinoids and
debates regarding the optimal approaches to treatment, terpenes within the cannabis plant.
particularly the relative merits of pharmacotherapy versus
psychological interventions, continue to evolve. While The interplay between CBD, THC, and the ECS suggests
CBT-I has demonstrated high efficacy for many patients, that a balanced approach, utilizing both compounds, may
others may not respond favorably, and the long-term use of offer the most effective treatment for insomnia. Some studies
hypnotic medications raises concerns about dependency indicate that a combination of CBD and THC may enhance
and potential side effects. Moreover, gaps in the literature the sedative effects of THC while mitigating potential side
persist regarding the long-term outcomes of various effects, such as anxiety or cognitive impairment, associated
treatment strategies. For example, while integrative and with higher doses of THC alone. This synergy highlights
holistic approaches are gaining popularity, more research the potential of cannabis-based therapies in addressing
is needed to establish their efficacy and safety in treating the multifaceted nature of insomnia, particularly when
psychosomatic insomnia. The relationship between somatic tailored to individual needs and responses.
conditions and insomnia remains poorly understood, A deeper understanding of the complex interplay
particularly regarding the mechanisms through which between neurobiological, psychological, and somatic
physical symptoms interact with psychological factors to factors in psychosomatic insomnia will pave the way for
perpetuate sleep disturbances. Future research should aim more effective and personalized treatment strategies.
to address these challenges, emphasizing personalized Integrating advancements in technology, such as wearable
treatment approaches that consider the unique combination devices for monitoring sleep patterns and physiological
of neurobiological, psychological, and somatic factors each responses, alongside genetic and biomarker research,
individual presents. Longitudinal studies are particularly could lead to the precise identification of individuals at
warranted to explore the long-term efficacy and safety risk for psychosomatic insomnia and the development
of diverse treatment strategies, especially integrative of targeted interventions that address specific biological
and holistic methods. Furthermore, understanding the pathways. Ultimately, these comprehensive approaches
mechanisms underlying the interactions between somatic hold the promise of improving outcomes for individuals
conditions and insomnia could lead to more targeted grappling with this challenging disorder.
interventions.
Within this framework, the interactions among CBD, 6. Conclusion
THC, and the ECS merit attention, as they present a Psychosomatic insomnia is a multifaceted disorder
promising avenue for addressing insomnia. The ECS plays characterized by the interaction between neurobiological,
a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis within the body, psychological, and somatic mechanisms, each contributing
influencing various physiological processes, including to the persistence and complexity of sleep disturbances. The
sleep regulation, stress response, and mood. Both CBD synthesis of current research emphasizes the importance
and THC interact with the ECS, albeit in different ways, of understanding these interactions to develop effective

Volume 3 Issue 1 (2025) 43 doi: 10.36922/jcbp.4588