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Artificial Intelligence in Health

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Easing transgender travel and tourism: An

eventual outreach to artificial intelligence-based
medical tourism

2
Muhammad Saqib Iqbal 1 and Hamza Iftikhar *
1 Department of Government and Public Policy, s3h, National University of Sciences and Technology,
Islamabad, Pakistan
2 Nust Business School, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

Abstract

Improvements in the artificial intelligence (AI) health system have been effective
in reducing the risks associated with transgender medical tourism and travel.
The ability to track medical travel from the place of origin to the final treatment
destination is dependent on the development of AI. This project aims to improve
the AI health system to promote travel and medical tourism, utilizing quantitative
research methodologies, including survey-based research and partial least squares
structural equation modeling. The participants included 381 people from medical
professionals, tourism experts, transgenders, and technology enthusiasts interested
in AI and health. The findings show that the AI health system has significantly improved
*Corresponding author:
Hamza Iftikhar medical travel and tourism; key factors such as medical tourism, AI systems, medical
(hiftikhar@s3h.nust.edu.pk) travel and risk factors, attitude, behavioral intention, and medical destination image
Citation: Iqbal MS, Iftikhar H. have all contributed to better healthcare experiences for transgender individuals.
Easing transgender travel and Specialized care should be provided to transgender individuals traveling for surgeries
tourism: An eventual outreach and medical treatments, emphasizing their unique needs. Subsequent investigations
to artificial intelligence-based might focus on the broader function of AI, particularly in terms of ensuring the
medical tourism. Artif Intell Health.
2025;2(2):117-126. dignity and respect of the tourism site. This study proposes further integration of AI
doi: 10.36922/aih.3384 into healthcare systems to maximize the benefits of safe medical travel and secure
Received: April 8, 2024 tourist locations.
Revised: July 18, 2024
Accepted: August 23, 2024 Keywords: AI system; Medical tourism; Health care; Transgender
Published online: February 21,
2025
Copyright: © 2025 Author(s). 1. Introduction
This is an Open-Access article
distributed under the terms of the The transgender person believes that their gender identity, expression, or behavior
Creative Commons Attribution does not align with the sex assigned at birth. As a result, transgender individuals
License, permitting distribution,
and reproduction in any medium, often face significant societal rejection in many countries, which can extend to their
provided the original work is travel and healthcare experiences. 51,53 This societal rejection, compounded by the lack
properly cited. of inclusive services, poses a unique challenge for transgender people when seeking
Publisher’s Note: AccScience medical treatments, particularly in the context of medical tourism. Transgender health,
Publishing remains neutral with medical tourism, artificial intelligence (AI) systems, medical travel and risk factors,
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional attitude, behavioral intention, and medical destination image are crucial components
1
affiliations. of the advanced AI health system. These factors face a variety of dangers related to

Volume 2 Issue 2 (2025) 117 doi: 10.36922/aih.3384