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Hussein, et al.

fertilizer and the concentration of spray. Considering for being highly soluble, increased the soil’s potassium
a total interaction effect, the highest mean of 3.44 mg/ content after harvest. The study also showed that when
kg was observed in the Jawaher cultivar treated with 9 the iron-containing fertilizer was applied, the soil’s
g/L Kinglife, while the lowest mean of 0.21 mg/kg was availability of readily available elements (e.g., N, P, K,
recorded from the Jawaher cultivar treated with the Fe, and Zn) increased dramatically. Iron contributes to
Al-Nibras control treatment. increased enzyme activity involved in cell formation
when photosynthesis is efficient. The ferredoxin enzyme,
4. Discussion which uses iron as an electron carrier, accelerates
photosynthesis and enhances development markers,
The results show a substantial effect of foliar fertilizers such as the vegetative and qualitative characteristics
on plant growth and yield enhancement, attributed to the of plants. 44,45 Previous studies indicated that the critical
effectiveness of the treatments employed in this study level of iron in soil available to plants ranges from 2.5
(Table 2), the rapid uptake of nutrients by the plants, to 5.0 mg/kg, while that of zinc ranges from 0.5 to
and their subsequent effect on the growth of the crop’s 1.0 mg/kg, depending on the soil type and crop.
vegetative mass. Conversely, the quality of the foliar Accordingly, some treatments—such as the Jawhar
fertilizers used is reflected in their contents, including cultivar treated with the 9 g/L Kinglife—significantly
growth-promoting elements like phosphorus and exceeded these levels (e.g., 6.78 mg/kg for iron and
nitrogen, which are among the most crucial elements 3.44 mg/kg for zinc), indicating high availability of these
for plant development, growth, and productivity. 29-32 elements. In contrast, other treatments showed levels
Besides, potassium also plays an important role in below the critical threshold; for example, the Jawhar
promoting vegetative growth and mass. 33 cultivar treated with the Al-Nibras control treatment
Additionally, when applied to eggplant plants at high recorded the lowest average values (3.11 mg/kg for iron
concentrations, foliar fertilizer had a notable impact on and 0.21 mg/kg for zinc).
enhancing plant height in comparison to the majority of These analyses and their correlation to the critical
other treatments. 34-37 Some nutrients, such as nitrogen, thresholds are included in the discussion section to
are involved in the synthesis of numerous organic illustrate the effectiveness of the different treatments in
compounds crucial to the plant’s vital processes; this improving micronutrient availability and to explain their
demonstrates the benefits of using foliar fertilizers to potential impact on plant growth. These additions also
supply plants with nutrients—their beneficial role in enhance the practical value of the results and support
the growth and development of the vegetative structure, the agricultural recommendations drawn from the study.
the increase in the number of aerial stems, and their
effects on photosynthesis, respiration, and protoplasmic 5. Conclusion
structure. In addition to being part of cytochrome
enzymes and chlorophyll molecules, which are crucial According to the study’s findings, the Jawaher cultivar
in the synthesis of numerous compounds, including performed better than the Barcelona cultivar in every
ATP and nucleic acids, some of these nutrients also measured trait. This was particularly remarkable when
enter the composition of nucleic acids, including RNA combined with the 9 g/L Kinglife foliar nutrition,
and DNA. Furthermore, they also enhance the amount increasing plant height, branch and fruit counts, and soil
38
of carbohydrates produced by the carbon metabolism micronutrient availability, including those of iron, zinc,
process, aid in the formation and division of cells, and molybdenum. Growth and productivity metrics
promote the growth and development of roots, and are were drastically impacted by significant interactions
involved in the maturation of the plant, particularly among the elements under study (cultivar type, foliar
through micronutrients such as zinc. Vegetative and fertilizers, and spray concentrations). These results
fruit features, such as the quantity of plant branches and emphasize how crucial it is to choose the optimal
fruits, have therefore increased significantly. 39-41 cultivar, provide efficient foliar nutrition, and maintain
By reducing the pH of the soil to dissolve potassium an ideal concentration to achieve optimal yield. It has
compounds, foliar fertilizers that include a variety of been demonstrated that applying optimal amounts of
elements, including readily available potassium, can foliar fertilizers increases soil nutrient availability and
help increase the amount of potassium in the soil. nutrient uptake efficiency. To improve crop growth and
37
This result is consistent with previous studies, 42,43 which quality, it is advised to use the Jawaher cultivar with the
demonstrated that the use of potassium fertilizer, known 9 g/L Kinglife foliar nutrition.

Volume 22 Issue 5 (2025) 200 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025170130