Page 142 - AJWEP-v22i2

AL-Sudani, et al.

(Table 5) and from 0.1 (S , S , and S ) to 0.3 (S , S , (0.9 ± 0.09) × 10 in Ali Al-Sharqi (Table 5) and from
−3
17
4
19
5
2
S , and S ) with an average of 0.2 ± 0.04 in Kumait 0.67 × 10 (S , S , and S ) to 1.5 × 10 (S ) with an
−3
−3
17
23
4
22
23
19
(Table 6). The determined values of Iγ were below average of (0.9 ± 0.2) × 10 in Kumait (Table 6). The
−3
global values. 1 evaluated values of ELCRs were below the worldwide
The levels of D ranged from 40.1 (S ) to 63.5 (S ) average of 1.16 × 10 , 0.29 × 10 , and 1.45 × 10 ,
−3
−3
−3
14
2
in
nGy/h with an average of 44.8 ± 5 nGy/h in Ali Al-Sharqi respectively, for ELCR , ELCR , and ELCR . 1
in
tot
out
(Table 5) and from 33 (S ) to 73.5 (S ) nGy/h with an The levels of AGDE varied from 149.3 (S ) to 228.7
23
8
19
average of 47.2 ± 10.1 nGy/h in Kumait (Table 6). D (S ) µSv/y with a mean value of 165.3 ± 17.1 µSv/y in
14
out
values ranged from 21.1 (S and S ) to 33 (S ) nGy/h Ali Al-Sharqi (Table 5) and from 124.6 (S ) to 269.2
14
2
19
8
with an average of 23.5 ± 2.6 nGy/h in Ali Al-Sharqi (S ) µSv/y with a mean value of 175 ± 37.2 µSv/y in
23
(Table 5) and from 17.4 (S ) to 38.6 (S ) nGy/h with Kumait (Table 6). These AGDE values were less than
23
19
an average of 24.8 ± 5.4 nGy/h in Kumait (Table 6). the worldwide average value of 300 µSv/y. 1
Furthermore, the values of D ranged from 61.2 (S ) to Based on the above outcomes, it can be concluded
2
tot
96.5 (S ) nGy/h with an average of 68.3 ± 7.5 nGy/h in that the mean values of the radiological risk parameters
14
Ali Al-Sharqi (Table 5) and from 50.4 (S ) to 112.1 (S ) in the soil of the research areas were below the globally
23
19
nGy/h with an average of 72 ± 15.5 nGy/h in Kumait recommended levels. Therefore, there are no potential
(Table 6). These computed air-absorbed dose rates were health risks to the general public in Ali Al-Sharqi and
below the world average of 84 nGy/h, 59 nGy/h, and Kumait, and the radiation levels remain in normal
143 nGy/h, respectively, for D , D , and D . 1 ranges.
tot
in
out
The AEDE values varied from 0.2 (S 1–13 and S 15–23 ) to
in
0.3 (S and S ) mSv/y with a mean of 0.2 ± 0.02 mSv/y 3.4. Comparison of radiological hazard indices of
14
24
in Ali Al-Sharqi (Table 5) and from 0.2 (S , S , S , the soil of the current study with identical research
3
4
6–8
and S 10–21 ) to 0.4 (S ) mSv/y with a mean value of The average radiological risk indices obtained from the
23
0.2 ± 0.04 mSv/y in Kumait (Table 6). AEDE values soils of the research areas were compared with those
out
varied from 0.02 (S , S , S 11–13 , and S 15–23 ) to 0.04 obtained from other regions in the world and Iraq, as
7–9
2–5
(S ) mSv/y with a mean value of 0.02 ± 0.003 mSv/y shown in Table 7.
14
in Ali Al-Sharqi (Table 5) and from 0.02 (S , S , S , The mean values for Ra , H , H , Iγ, D , D ,
7
in
ex
4
in
3
out
eq
S 10–20 , and S ) to 0.04 (S and S ) mSv/y with a mean AEDE , AEDE , ELCR ELCR , and AGDE in the
23
in,
in
out
out
21
22
value of 0.03 ± 0.006 mSv/y in Kumait (Table 6). In present study are generally lower than those reported in
addition, AEDE values varied from 0.22 (S , S , previous studies. However, the mean value of AEDE
tot
in
2–5
7–9
S 11–13 , and S 15–23 ) to 0.34 (S ) mSv/y with a mean value in Ali Al-Sharqi and Kumait exceeds that observed in
14
of 0.2 ± 0.03 mSv/y in Ali Al-Sharqi (Table 5) and from Iran (Fars), Iraq (Kirkuk), and Iraq (Baghdad).
53
19
19
0.22 (S , S , S , S 10–19 , and S ) to 0.44 (S ) mSv/y with In addition, the mean value of Iγ in Ali Al-Sharqi and
3
21
4
23
7
a mean value of 0.3 ± 0.06 mSv/y in Kumait (Table 6). Kumait is comparable to those observed in Turkey
The estimated values of AEDE were lower than the (Bolu). 52
worldwide average values of 0.41 mSv/y, 0.07 mSv/y,
and 0.48 mSv/y, respectively, for AEDE , AEDE , and 4. Conclusion
in
out
AEDE . 1
tot
The levels of ELCR ranged from 0.7 × 10 (S , Natural radionuclides of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and K were
40
−3
2–4
in
S , S , S , S , S , S 18–20 , S , and S ) to 1.1 × 10 (S ) measured in soil specimens from two cities, Ali
−3
23
11
14
12
9
22
15
8
with an average of (0.8 ± 0.08) × 10 in Ali Al-Sharqi Al-Sharqi and Kumait, utilizing an HPGe detector. The
−3
(Table 5) and from 0.6 × 10 (S , S , and S ) to 1.3 × 10 −3 average concentrations of these radionuclides for Ali
−3
17
4
19
(S ) with an average of (0.8 ± 0.2) × 10 in Kumait Al-Sharqi were 15.1 Bq/kg for 226 Ra, 14.7 Bq/kg for
−3
23
(Table 6). ELCR values ranged from 0.09 × 10 (S , 232 Th, and 180.8 Bq/kg for K. In Kumait, the respective
−3
40
out
2–4
S , S , S , S , S , S 17–20 , S , and S ) to 0.14 × 10 (S ) concentrations were 13.6, 17.2, and 193.6 Bq/kg for
−3
8
9
22
11
12
14
23
15
with an average of (0.1 ± 0.01) × 10 in Ali Al-Sharqi 226 Ra, Th, and K, respectively. These concentrations
−3
232
40
(Table 5) and from 0.07 × 10 (S , S , and S ) to were all below the internationally recommended
−3
19
17
4
0.2 × 10 (S ) with an average of (0.1 ± 0.02) × 10 limits reported by UNSCEAR in 2,000. Based on the
−3
−3
23
in Kumait (Table 6). Moreover, ELCR values varied measured activity concentrations in soil, the radiological
tot
from 0.79 × 10 (S , S , S , S , S , S , S , S 18–20 , parameters, including Ra , H and H , Iγ, D , D , and
−3
8
ex
in
out
2–4
12
in
14
15
eq
9
11
S , and S ) to 1.24 × 10 (S ) with an average of D , AEDE , AEDE , and AEDE , ELCR , ELCR ,
−3
out
22
out
14
in
tot
23
in
tot
Volume 22 Issue 2 (2025) 136 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025060032