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Advanced Neurology The rising impact of sleep disorders in the post-pandemic era

Figure 1. Factors that can disrupt sleep

Figure 2. Mechanism of post-COVID-19 conditions leading to sleep disturbances

that contribute to insomnia and other sleep-related issues for the regulation of sleep. It directly disrupts sleep by
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following the recovery from COVID-19. It elucidates the infiltrating the central nervous system through the nasal
mechanisms underlying the post-COVID-19 conditions mucosa and olfactory pathway or indirectly by entering the
that precipitate sleep disturbances, providing a thorough bloodstream through the blood–brain barrier. Infection of
understanding of their development. endothelial cells and leukocytes, in conjunction with the
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been observed to target cytokine storm phenomenon, can increase blood–brain
specific regions of the brain, including the prefrontal cortex, barrier permeability, resulting in immune-mediated tissue
basal ganglia, and hypothalamus, which are essential damage, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and sleep disorders. 23

Volume 4 Issue 1 (2025) 16 doi: 10.36922/an.4006