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Article types

(1) Original research article
An original research article is based on original, basic and applied research and/or analysis. This type of article aims to describe significant
and novel research. Authors of original research articles must confirm that the essential findings presented have never been published or under
consideration elsewhere.
This article type typically has at least 5 tables and/or figures in total, approximately 40 references, and 7,000 words (inclusive of Abstract and
References).
(2) Review article
A review article provides scholarly survey as well as balanced summarization and highlights of recent developments in a research field or
emerging/future trends. Authors should ensure that all perspectives from different works are linked in balanced and cohesive manner, taking
into consideration different schools of thought.
This article type typically has at least 5 tables and/or figures in total, approximately 70 references, and 7,000 words (inclusive of Abstract and
References).
(3) Perspective article

A perspective article contains the author's scholarly opinions on a particular subject area or topic. Unlike a review, a perspective article covers
a more specific part of the field, aiming to provide new insights into the subject matter. However, these perspectives or opinions should be
objective in line with the spirit of academia. A good perspective piece should stimulate further discussions and initiate novel experiments.

This article type typically has 5 tables and/or figures in total, approximately 70 references, and 7,000 words (inclusive of Abstract and
References).
(4) Case report
A case report serves to communicate unique observations or findings from a human patient that are useful to the growing literature in the field
of translational medicine. These findings include and are not limited to the use of new diagnostic and detection techniques and improvement
of treatment outcome through interdisciplinary approach. The case as described in a case report must involve an important area of health and
the report should present a clear and useful message.
This article type typically has 1-3 tables and/or figures in total, approximately 15 references, and 2,000 words (inclusive of Abstract and
References). In Brain & Heart, the abstract of a case report is unstructured and should be in the length of 100-150 words. The main text should
contain 4 main sections: Background, Case presentation, Discussion, and Conclusion.
(5) Letters
This article type is a collection of unsolicited letters from the readers who wish to comment on specific articles published in Brain & Heart or
another field-related journal. Alternatively, a letter can be written on an unrelated topic of interest to the journal’s readership.

Ideally, a letter should present an in-depth, scholarly re-analysis of a previously published article in Brain & Heart or in another field-related
journal, accompanied by the reader’s constructive insights and comments. Letters containing new ideas, supporting data or data criticizing the
indicated article may be subjected to peer review at editors’ discretion. Authors should specify the intended recipient of the letters, i.e., Editor
or specific author(s).

This article type typically has no more than 3 tables and/or figures in total, no more than 20 references, and 2,000 words (inclusive of
References). No Abstract is required.
(6) Editorial
An editorial piece is a solicited, concise commentary that highlights prominent topics in particular issue. Alternatively, an editorial represents
the official opinions of the editors on the journal or special issue.

An editorial piece should not exceed 1,000 words (inclusive of References). Typically, an Abstract is not required and only 1 figure or table is
allowed.
(7) Special feature article
Special feature articles are invited papers highlighting the following aspects:

• hot topics in the field encompassed by Brain & Heart;
• new methodology and analysis methods that are of interest to the readers of Brain & Heart; and

• policies that are of interest to the researchers in the field of translational medicine.
Discussion outcomes stemming from meeting reports can be published in special feature articles, as long as they are relevant to the above-
mentioned aspects.
Special feature articles containing new ideas, data and/or perspectives may be subjected to peer review at editors’ discretion.