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Eurasian Journal of
            Medicine and Oncology                                                               An update on SLE



            6.6. Rituximab                                     Conflict of interest

            Rituximab, a B-cell-depleting antibody, is used in patients   The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
            who have not responded to standard treatments. While its
            role remains uncertain, observational studies suggest it is   Author contributions
            effective for treating SLE and lupus nephritis. 84  Conceptualization: Abdurahman Alloghbi, Fahad S.
            6.7. Investigational approaches                       Alshehri
                                                               Writing – original draft: All authors
            The investigational approach involves cellular therapies   Writing – review & editing: Fahad S. Alshehri
            such as atacicept, anti-IL-6 receptor inhibitors, iberdomide,
            low-dose IL-2, obinutuzumab, daratumumab, anti-CD40   Ethics approval and consent to participate
            monoclonal antibody, litifilimab, and teclistamab. Details
            on ongoing clinical trials for SLE treatments in the US are   Not applicable.
            available at www.clinicaltrials.gov.               Consent for publication

            7. Conclusion and future perspectives              Not applicable.
            SLE is a complex autoimmune disorder with significant   Availability of data
            global health implications. Its multifactorial etiology,
            involving genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors,   Not applicable.
            leads  to immune  dysregulation and  widespread  organ
            damage. Despite advancements in understanding its   References
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            Volume 9 Issue 3 (2025)                         58                         doi: 10.36922/EJMO025090042
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