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Global Health Economics and
            Sustainability
                                                                                Personality and adolescent mental health


            internalizing disorders, externalizing behaviors, and more   Conflict of interest
            severe psychopathological outcomes.
                                                               The author declares that he has no competing interests.
              The review also emphasized the importance of
            longitudinal  studies  in  understanding  how  personality   Author contributions
            traits develop and change over time. Longitudinal research   This is a single-authored article.
            provides invaluable insights into the stability and plasticity
            of  personality  traits,  revealing  how  these  traits  predict   Ethics approval and consent to participate
            long-term outcomes such as academic achievement, career
            success, and mental health disorders. The ability to track   Not applicable.
            personality traits over time has allowed researchers to   Consent for publication
            identify key periods in adolescence when interventions
            may be most effective, particularly for those at risk of   Not applicable.
            developing maladaptive traits such as CU characteristics
            or high neuroticism.                               Availability of data
              Looking ahead, future research should address the   Not applicable.
            gaps in the current literature, particularly by expanding   References
            cross-cultural studies and investigating under-researched
            personality traits like openness to experience. There is also   Abu Raya, M., Ogunyemi, A.O., Broder, J., Carstensen, V.R.,
            a pressing need for more research on how environmental   Illanes-Manrique, M., & Rankin, K.P. (2023). The
            factors – such as family dynamics, peer relationships, and   neurobiology of openness as a personality trait. Frontiers in
            socioeconomic status – interact with personality traits   Neurology, 14:1235345.
            to shape adolescent development. Understanding these      https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1235345
            interactions will be critical for designing more effective,   Acoba, E.F. (2024). Social support and mental health: The
            multi-level interventions that address both individual   mediating role of perceived stress. Frontiers in Psychology,
            traits and the broader social context.                15:1330720.
              In terms of policy and practice, the findings from this      https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1330720
            review support the integration of personality assessments   Akkuş, B., Postmes, T., & Stroebe, K. (2017). Community
            into mental health screening programs, particularly in   collectivism: A social dynamic approach to conceptualizing
            schools and community settings. Early identification of   culture. PLoS One, 12(9):e0185725.
            adolescents at risk for developing personality disorders      https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185725
            or engaging in antisocial behavior can lead to more
            targeted, effective interventions that promote positive   Aldinger, M., Stopsack, M., Ulrich, I., Appel, K., Reinelt, E.,
            personality development and reduce the likelihood     Wolff, S., et al. (2014). Neuroticism developmental courses--
            of long-term negative outcomes. Interventions that    implications for depression, anxiety and everyday emotional
            focus on enhancing emotional regulation, self-control,   experience; A prospective study from adolescence to young
                                                                  adulthood. BMC Psychiatry, 14(1):210.
            and pro-social behavior are particularly promising for
            adolescents who display high levels of impulsivity or CU      https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-014-0210-2
            traits.                                            Alkhawaldeh, A., Al Omari, O., Al Aldawi, S., Al Hashmi, I., Ann
              In conclusion, personality traits are central to    Ballad, C., Ibrahim, A.,  et al. (2023). Stress factors, stress
            understanding  adolescent  mental  health  and  behavioral   levels, and coping mechanisms among university students.
            outcomes. Through continued research and policy       The Scientific World Journal, 2023(1):2026971.
            initiatives, we can better support adolescents in developing      https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2026971
            positive personality traits that foster mental health, well-  Allen,  J.P.,  Loeb,  E.L.,  Narr,  R.K.,  &  Costello,  M.A.  (2021).
            being, and success throughout their lives.            Different factors predict adolescent substance use versus
                                                                  adult substance abuse: Lessons from a social-developmental
            Acknowledgments                                       approach. Dev Psychopathol, 33(3):792-802.
            None.                                                 https://doi.org/10.1017/s095457942000005x

            Funding                                            Anderson, N.E., & Kiehl, K.A. (2014). Psychopathy:
                                                                  Developmental perspectives  and their implications
            None.                                                 for treatment.  Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience,


            Volume 3 Issue 3 (2025)                         43                 https://doi.org/10.36922/GHES025080013
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