Page 68 - GPD-4-2
P. 68

Gene & Protein in Disease                                          X chromosome in sex-biased autoimmunity



               doi: 10.1038/s41581-023-00720-1                    doi: 10.1196/annals.1386.043
            2.   Wang L, Wang FS, Gershwin ME. Human autoimmune   13.  Hoffmann JP, Liu JA, Seddu K, Klein SL. Sex hormone
               diseases: A  comprehensive update.  J  Intern Med.   signaling and regulation of immune function.  Immunity.
               2015;278(4):369-395.                               2023;56(11):2472-2491.
               doi: 10.1111/joim.12395                            doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.008
            3.   Scherlinger M, Mertz P, Sagez F, et al. Worldwide trends in all-  14.  Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, et al. The DNA sequence of
               cause mortality of auto-immune systemic diseases between   the human X chromosome. Nature. 2005;434(7031):325-337.
               2001 and 2014. Autoimmun Rev. 2020;19(6):102531.     doi: 10.1038/nature03440
               doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102531               15.  Bianchi  I,  Lleo  A,  Gershwin  ME,  Invernizzi  P.  The  X
            4.   Roberts MH, Erdei E. Comparative United States   chromosome and immune associated genes. J Autoimmun.
               autoimmune disease rates for 2010-2016 by sex, geographic   2012;38(2-3):J187-J192.
               region, and race. Autoimmun Rev. 2020;19(1):102423.     doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2011.11.012
               doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102423               16.  Libert C, Dejager L, Pinheiro I. The X chromosome in
            5.   Miller FW. The increasing prevalence of autoimmunity and   immune functions: When a chromosome makes the
               autoimmune diseases: An urgent call to action for improved   difference. Nat Rev Immunol. 2010;10(8):594-604.
               understanding, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Curr      doi: 10.1038/nri2815
               Opin Immunol. 2023;80:102266.
                                                               17.  Scofield  RH,  Bruner  GR,  Namjou  B,  et al.  Klinefelter’s
               doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102266                     syndrome (47,XXY) in male systemic lupus erythematosus
            6.   Spolarics Z. The X-files of inflammation: Cellular mosaicism   patients: Support for the notion of a gene-dose effect from
               of X-linked polymorphic genes and the female advantage   the X chromosome. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58(8):2511-2517.
               in the host response to injury and infection.  Shock.      doi: 10.1002/art.23701
               2007;27(6):597-604.
                                                               18.  Liu K, Kurien BT, Zimmerman SL, et al. X chromosome dose
               doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e31802e40bd                  and sex bias in autoimmune diseases: Increased prevalence
            7.   Thompson DJ, Gezon HM, Rogers KD, Yee RB, Hatch TF.   of 47,XXX in Systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren’s
               Excess  risk  of  staphylococcal  infection  and  disease  in   syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016;68(5):1290-1300.
               newborn males. Am J Epidemiol. 1966;84(2):314-328.     doi: 10.1002/art.39560
               doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120645         19.  Bhattacharya S, Sadhukhan D, Saraswathy R. Role of sex in
            8.   Purtilo DT, Sullivan JL. Immunological bases for superior   immune response and epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetics
               survival of females. Am J Dis Child. 1979;133(12):1251-1253.  Chromatin. 2024;17(1):1.
               doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1979.02130120043008          doi: 10.1186/s13072-024-00525-x
            9.   Izmirly PM, Parton H, Wang L, et al. Prevalence of systemic   20.  Feng  Z,  Liao  M,  Zhang  L. Sex differences  in  disease:  Sex
               lupus erythematosus in the United States: Estimates from   chromosome and immunity. J Transl Med. 2024;22(1):1150.
               a  meta-analysis  of  the  centers  for  disease  control  and      doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05990-2
               prevention national lupus registries.  Arthritis Rheumatol.
               2021;73(6):991-996.                             21.  Lee JT, Bartolomei MS. X-inactivation, imprinting,
                                                                  and long noncoding RNAs in health and disease.  Cell.
               doi: 10.1002/art.41632                             2013;152(6):1308-1323.
            10.  Ragusa F, Fallahi P, Elia G, et al. Hashimotos’ thyroiditis:      doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.02.016
               Epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinic and therapy. Best Pract
               Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;33(6):101367.   22.  Lyon MF. Gene action in the X-chromosome of the mouse
                                                                  (Mus musculus L.). Nature. 1961;190:372-373.
               doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2019.101367
                                                                  doi: 10.1038/190372a0
            11.  Nalbandian G, Kovats S. Understanding sex biases in
               immunity: Effects of estrogen on the differentiation   23.  Lyon MF. Sex chromatin and gene action in the mammalian
               and function of antigen-presenting cells.  Immunol Res.   X-chromosome. Am J Hum Genet. 1962;14(2):135-148.
               2005;31(2):91-106.                              24.  Jegu T, Aeby E, Lee JT. The X chromosome in space. Nat Rev
               doi: 10.1385/IR:31:2:091                           Genet. 2017;18(6):377-389.
                                                                  doi: 10.1038/nrg.2017.17
            12.  Cutolo M, Capellino S, Sulli A,  et al. Estrogens and
               autoimmune diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006;1089:538-547.  25.  Zito A, Davies MN, Tsai PC, et al. Heritability of skewed


            Volume 4 Issue 2 (2025)                         8                               doi: 10.36922/gpd.8321
   63   64   65   66   67   68   69   70   71   72   73