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International Journal of
            Population Studies                                          Men’s experience of IPV during COVID-19 lockdown




            Table 2. Prevalence, types, and consequences of IPV
            References       Region/  Prevalence rate            Type              Consequences/Findings
                             Country
            Warburton &      United   Two women and one man were victims   Physical and emotional   Compared to men (41%), women
            Raniolo, 2020    Kingdom  of every three domestic violence   abuse     (52%) were more likely to suffer from
                                      incidents reported during the period of      emotional and mental problems
                                      the COVID-19 lockdown.                       emanating from IPV during the
                                      When measured by volume, the                 COVID-19 lockdown period. Data
                                      prevalence is 28.4% for women and            showed that 4.3% of men and 0.4% of
                                      13.6% for men.                               women suffered internal injuries such as
                                                                                   fractures and teeth.
            ManKind Initiative   /    /                          Psychological/emotional   Similar to female victims, men were
            Briefing 1 (March 2020)                              abuse             found to be at greater risk as many
                                                                                   were trapped with their abusers
                                                                                   indoors. As a result, the male victims
                                                                                   can be more easily controlled through
                                                                                   physical, psychological, and social
                                                                                   isolation. Besides, it is more difficult
                                                                                   for male victim of abuse to find a safe
                                                                                   space to seek help. There was generally
                                                                                   a violation of custody and children
                                                                                   arrangement orders and counseling
                                                                                   facilities for male victims were lacking.
            ManKind Initiative   /    Calls to the ManKind Initiative helpline  /  The ManKind Initiative reported a
            Briefing 2 (April 2020)   by male victims increased by 20% within      generally decline in the cases of men
                                      the 3 weeks leading up to the lockdown       coming forward to report an IPV
                                      (since March 30, 2020). Furthermore,         case. Referrals also decreased during
                                      the number of visitors to the ManKind        this period. This was attributed to the
                                      Initiative webpage surged by 20% within      inability of men to get out for help.
                                      the same period. Calls to the ManKind        Counseling for male victims was also
                                      Initiative helpline were 20% higher than     lacking.
                                      in the normal periods.
            ManKind Initiative   /    Calls to the ManKind Initiative   /          There was a general lack of counseling
            Briefing 3                helpline were 35% higher than normal         for male victims.
            (April – May 2020)        (pre-lockdown); visitors to the webpage
                                      of the initiative were also three times
                                      higher than the usual average reported
                                      cases (about 189% increase).
            ManKind Initiative   /    Calls to the ManKind Initiative helpline  Psychological/emotional   Men, just like women, were at a higher
            Briefing 4                from male victims remained 35% higher  and economic/financial   risk due to the violations of Custody and
            (May 4 – 10, 2020)        than the level during the pre-lockdown   violence was the major   Child Arrangement Orders and a lack of
                                      period; visit frequency to the webpage of  type of abuse witnessed   counseling for male victims.
                                      the initiative was 175% higher.  by men
            ManKind Initiative   /    Reported cases since March 30, 2020   Psychological/emotional   There was a lack of counseling for male
            Briefing 5                remained 35% higher than the level during  abuse  victims and a breach of Custody and
            (May 11 – 17, 2020)       the pre-lockdown periods; visit frequency    Child Arrangement Orders .
                                      to the webpage of the initiative was 160%
                                      higher (i.e., over 2.5 times higher) than in
                                      the pre-COVID-19 periods.
            ManKind Initiative   /    There were two homicide cases involving  Physical/psychological/  The counseling services for male
            Briefing 6                male victims of domestic abuse; visit   emotional abuse  victims were in short supply, and there
            (May 18 – 31, 2020)       frequency to the webpage of the              was a breach of Custody and Child
                                      initiative was 150% higher.                  Arrangement Orders.
            ManKind Initiative   /    Visit frequency to the webpage of the   Psychological/emotional   Three cases of homicide associated
            Briefing 7                initiative in the 1  week of June was   abuse  with additional domestic violence were
                                                st
            (June 1 – 7, 2020         110% higher than the level in the period     recorded. There was a breach of Custody
                                      before the COVID-19 pandemic.                and Child Arrangement Orders and a
                                                                                                       (Cont’d...)


            Volume 10 Issue 1 (2024)                        39                         https://doi.org/10.36922/ijps.376
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