Page 11 - IJPS-10-4

International Journal of
Population Studies Healthcare access and use among rural–urban migrants

Figure 3. PRISMA flow chart summarizing search and selection of articles
Rizwan et al., 2022; Shamsu-Deen & Adadow, 2019; & Adadow, 2019; Sznajder et al., 2020; Teye, 2019;
Yiran et al., 2015) identified distance from health-care Yiran et al., 2015) reported financial barriers as a
facilities as a barrier to health-care utilization. Our deterrent to healthcare access and utilization among
review discovered that most internal migrants live in the internal migrants in Ghana. Findings from our
slum areas and, therefore, find it difficult to travel from review identified significant financial barriers for all
their residences to health facilities for appropriate the internal migrants as they were required to pay
medical care when they are sick. For instance, a study additional fees despite being enrolled in the NHIS
conducted by Owusu & Yeboah (2018) revealed that (Akazili et al., 2018). Particularly, a study by Yiran
health facilities were often over 5 km away from the et al. (2015) showed that female internal migrants
slum areas where internal migrants live. Even in were asked to provide medical consumables such as
cases where internal migrants wanted to seek formal gauze and other items during childbirth, despite the
healthcare, they had to walk several hours because provision of free maternal health under the NHIS.
they could not afford any form of transport services. Furthermore, this review revealed that health
(b) Financial constraints and affordability of quality facilities were inadequately stocked with many
health services essential drugs, leading to prescriptions being issued
Most of the studies (Akazili et al., 2018; Baada et al., for purchase out-of-pocket after spending hours at the
2021; Boateng, 2020; Boateng et al., 2017; Lattof, health facility. Most internal migrants earn an average
2017; Lattof, 2018; Munemo et al., 2021; Owusu & of $4.9 – $23.9 weekly (whereas formal sector workers
Yeboah, 2018; Rizwan et al., 2022; Shamsu-Deen earn $37.3 – $46.6 weekly) (Boateng, 2020). As a result,

Volume 10 Issue 4 (2024) 5 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijps.2314