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International Journal of
Population Studies School dropouts and mental health among Indian adolescents
Table 4. Factors at follow‑up associated with mental health among adolescent girls (aged 23–28 years) in Bihar, India, 2016
Background characteristics measured Mental health status (%) N Results from ordered logistic regression #
at follow up Good Moderate Poor Level of significance ## 2,360 AOR (95% CI)
(at age 23–28 years)
School attendance
Never attended 50.1 43.2 6.7 *** 1,170 1.00
Dropout before completing 12 class 56.5 37.5 6.0 1,023 0.77 (0.62,0.94)**
Completed or continuing 60.1 34.6 5.3 167 0.55 (0.39,0.79)***
Age
23–24 53.0 40.0 7.0 1,311 1.00
25–26 56.0 38.3 5.7 727 0.96 (0.80,1.15)
27–28 53.3 42.2 4.4 322 0.83 (0.65,1.07)
Place of residence
Urban 56.2 39.6 4.2 333 1.00
Rural 53.6 39.8 6.6 2,027 0.95 (0.78,1.15)
Wealth status
Poor Quin 54.0 40.4 5.6 780 1.00
Middle Quin 54.6 38.7 6.7 1,061 1.06 (0.85,1.30)
Rich Quin 52.5 41.1 6.4 519 1.10 (0.84,1.43)
Spousal education
No education 55.2 38.2 6.6 *** 547 1.00
Primary 56.8 37.7 5.5 597 1.06 (0.82,1.36)
Secondary and above 54.5 40.1 5.4 938 1.18 (0.91,1.53)
DK 30.7 55 14.2 122 3.05 (2.05,4.53)***
Unmarried 54.0 39.2 6.8 155 1.44 (0.99,2.08)*
Working status
Yes 53.1 39.5 7.4 ** 954 1.00
No 54.6 39.9 5.5 1,406 0.92 (0.77,1.11)
Self-efficacy
High 56.3 38.3 5.5 *** 2,010 1.00
Low 40.6 48.5 10.9 350 1.79 (1.42,2.26)***
Decision making
Others 51.2 41.6 7.2 * 1,045 1.00
Alone 56.2 38.3 5.6 1,315 0.86 (0.73,1.02)
Total 54.0 39.8 6.3 2,360
# Based on multivariate ordinal logistic regression models by controlling background characteristics such religion, caste, father’s working status and
##
parents survival status from baseline; : reference category; CI: confidence interval; DK: don’t know; based on Chi-square test; ***P < 0.01; **P < 0.05;
*P < 0.10.
of women whose mothers were educated as compared had a high risk (AOR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.42, 2.26) to face poor
to women whose mothers were uneducated (Table 2). mental health in early adulthood (Table 4).
Husbands’ education was positively related to the good
mental health status of women. Young women who were 4. Discussion
more than 6 years younger to husband had poor mental Using data from the UDAYA study consisting of a 2360
health as compared to those who had almost 3–6 years of adolescent (ages 15 – 19) girl cohort interviewed in 2007
spousal age gap (Table 3). However, self-efficacy of young and reinterviewed at ages 23–28 in 2016 from the state of
women is an important factor that improves their mental Bihar, India, this study examined the effect of life-course
health status. As compared to high self-efficacy girls, others events such as school dropouts, early marriages, and
Volume 8 Issue 1 (2022) 32 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijps.v8i1.1280
