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INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Benzodiazepine use and retention in OAT

clinicians to identify which studies most closely resemble substance use disorder in the United States: Who is at risk
their own patients and healthcare practices in trying to and where? World J Clin Cases. 2023;11(11):2374-2385.
better consider which approaches may have clinical utility. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i11.2374
Furthermore, any potential benefits from greater retention 4. Jones AA, Jang K, Panenka WJ, et al. Rapid change in fentanyl
in OAT programs must be considered as part of the “big prevalence in a community-based, high-risk sample. JAMA
picture” where other factors, such as the risk of BZD toxicity Psychiatry. 2018;75(3):298-300.
and addiction represent significant health challenges to
those enrolled in OAT programs. Finally, further research doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.4432
needs to be conducted to continue expanding the scope of 5. Jones AA, Vila-Rodriguez F, Leonova O, et al. Mortality
BZDs’ other effects on OAT. This should include evaluating from treatable illnesses in marginally housed adults:
polysubstance tapering or how transitioning patients from A prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2015;5(8):e008876.
illicit BZD use to prescription might impact treatment doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008876
retention. 6. Krausz RM, Westenberg JN, Ziafat K. The opioid overdose
Acknowledgments crisis as a global health challenge. Curr Opin Psychiatry.
2021;34:405-412.
None. doi: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000712
Funding 7. Okoli CT, Khara M, Procyshyn RM, Johnson JL, Barr AM,
Greaves L. Smoking cessation interventions among
The present review was supported in part by a NSERC individuals in methadone maintenance: A brief review.
Discovery grant to AMB. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2010;38(2):191-199.

Conflict of interest doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2009.10.001
8. Santo T Jr., Gisev N, Campbell G, et al. Prevalence of
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
comorbid substance use disorders among people with
Author contributions opioid use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Int J Drug Policy. 2024;128:104434.
Conceptualization: Caitlin Lawrence doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104434
Formal analysis: All authors
Writing – original draft: All authors 9. Ellis JD, Dunn KE, Huhn AS. Harm reduction for opioid use
disorder: Strategies and outcome metrics. Am J Psychiatry.
Writing – review & editing: All authors
2024;181(5):372-380.
Ethics approval and consent to participate doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230918

Not applicable. 10. Mannaioni G, Lugoboni F. Precautions in the management
of opioid agonist therapy: From target population
Consent for publication characteristics to new formulations and post-marketing
monitoring - a focus on the Italian system. Drugs Context.
Not applicable. 2023;12:1-9.
Availability of data doi: 10.7573/dic.2023-2-6
Not applicable. 11. Mendell A, Vannabouathong C, Le K, Dyrda P. Utilization
of Opioid Agonist Therapies in Canada: CADTH Health
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