Page 49 - JCAU-7-1
        P. 49
     Journal of Chinese
            Architecture and Urbanism                                             Hakka settlement in the middle ground
            pride, and contribute to the reconstruction of a distinct   International Regional Science Review, 23(2):160–171.
            identity within the ever-evolving Middle Ground.      https://doi.org/10.1177/016001700761012710
            Acknowledgments                                    Bryant, R. C., Russwurm, H. L., & McLellan, G. A. (1982). The
                                                                  city’s countryside: Land and Its Management in the Rural-
            We would like to thank the villagers and respondents who   urban Fringe. United Kingdom: Longman.
            significantly contributed to our fieldwork.
                                                               Caprotti,  F.,  &  Cowley,  R.  (2017).  Interrogating  urban
            Funding                                               experiments. Urban Geography, 38(9):1441-1450.
            This work was supported by the Research Grants Council      https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2016.1265870
            of Hong Kong under the General Research Fund (GRF)   Chen, F. (2011). Traditional architectural forms in market
            (RGC Ref No. 14616520).                               oriented Chinese cities: Place for localities or symbol of
                                                                  culture? Habitat International, 35(2):410-418.
            Conflict of interest
                                                                  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2010.11.012
            The authors declare that they have no competing interests.  Chen, F., & Romice, O. (2009). Preserving the cultural identity of
            Author contributions                                  Chinese cities in urban design through a typomorphological
                                                                  approach. URBAN DESIGN International, 14(1):36-54.
            Conceptualization: Peter W. Ferretto                  https://doi.org/10.1057/udi.2009.6
            Investigation: Xin Xu
            Methodology: All authors                           Costa, M. R., & Batista, D. (2011). Towards integrating rural
            Writing – original draft: Xin Xu                      vernacular settlements in urban regions: A study of Algarve,
                                                                  Portugal. ISVS E-Journal. Journal of the International Society
            Writing – review & editing: All authors               for the Study of Vernacular Settlements, 2(1):35-51.
            Ethics approval and consent to participate         De Carlo, G. (2005). Architecture’s Public. In PB Jones, D Petrescu,
                                                                  & J Till (eds.). Architecture and Participation. England, UK:
            Our study did not require ethics committee approval as it   Routledge, p. 3-22.
            did not involve human clinical trials and was not unethical.
            All the participants provided informed consent before   Ding, C., & Xiao, D. (2022). Research on Ethnic Minority Traditional
            participating in the study.                           Villages and Dwellings Based on Cultural Geography. Greece:
                                                                  South Architecture, p. 72-76. [In Chinese]
            Consent for publication                            Douglas, N. (1997). Political Structures, Social Interaction and
            Verbal informed consent was obtained from the         Identity Changes in Northern Ireland. In B Graham (ed.).
            participants before taking and publishing photographs   In Search of Ireland: A  Cultural Geography. England, UK:
                                                                  Routledge, p. 151-173.
            with identifying personal information in this research.
                                                               Emmons, P., Hendrix, J., & Lomholt, J. (2012). The Cultural Role
            Availability of data                                  of Architecture: Contemporary and Historical Perspectives.
                                                                  England, UK: Routledge.
            The data used in this work are available upon reasonable
            request from the corresponding author.             Erbaugh,  M.  S.  (1996).  The  Hakka  paradox  in  the  People’s
                                                                  Republic of China: Exile, eminence, and public silence. In N
            References                                            Constable (ed.). Guest People: Hakka Identity in China and
                                                                  Abroad. University of Washington Press, p. 196-231.
            Aijmer, G. (1967). Expansion and extension in Hakka society.
               Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society,   Freedman,  M.  (2021).  Lineage Organisation in South-eastern
               7:42-79.                                           China. England, UK: Routledge.
            Bolchover, J., Lin, Z., & Lange, C. (2016). Designing the Rural:   Gao, Y., Pitts, A., & Jiang, W. (2022). Peri-urban villages in
               A global Countryside in Flux. United States: John Wiley and   Kunming, southwest China: History of change with dual
               Sons, Inc.                                         urban-rural characteristics.  The Journal of Architecture,
                                                                  27(7-8):1063-1089.
            Breese, G. W. (1966). Urbanization in Newly Developing Countries.
               New Jersey, U.S: Prentice-Hall.                    https://doi.org/10.1080/13602365.2022.2156911
            Brown, R., & Maudlin, D. (2012). Concepts of vernacular. In CG   Goss, J. (1988). The built environment and social theory: Towards
               Crysler, S Cairns and H Heynen (eds.). The SAGE Handbook   an architectural geography.  The Professional Geographer,
               of Architectural Theory. England: SAGE, p. 340-355.  40(4):392-403.
            Brueckner, J. K. (2000). Urban sprawl: Diagnosis and remedies.      https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1988.00392.x
            Volume 7 Issue 1 (2025)                         15                       https://doi.org/10.36922/jcau.3649
     	
