Page 25 - JCAU-7-2

Journal of Chinese
Architecture and Urbanism Jinan urban planning: Pragmatic strategies

1. Rational planning model: This model views planning of purposive sampling for interviews to specifically
as a methodical and logical process driven by clear target experts and stakeholders and random sampling
goals, thorough data analysis, and optimal decision- for surveys to gather representative feedback from the
making (Pierre & Peters, 2000). It employs a top- general population. Data collection was conducted
down approach in which planners identify issues, through structured interviews and questionnaires. Data
set objectives, formulate strategies, and execute plans analysis employed thematic analysis for qualitative data
with minimal deviation from the intended trajectory. and statistical methods for quantitative data. In addition,
2. Incrementalism: In contrast, the incrementalism a cross-case analysis was conducted to compare Jinan’s
model proposes that planning occurs gradually and in planning practices with those of other cities, deriving
small steps rather than through extensive, long-term broader insights.
strategies (Lindblom, 1959). This approach recognizes The study adheres to ethical principles, including
the inherent intricacy and unpredictability of planning informed consent and participant anonymity, and employs
processes, emphasizing adaptability, responsiveness, software tools to ensure rigorous data analysis.
and the capacity to learn from previous encounters.
3. Advocacy planning: This framework highlights the The central research question guiding this study is:
importance of planners as advocates for marginalized “What factors contribute to the poor implementation
communities, promoting social justice (Davidoff, rate of contemporary plans?” The questions focus on
1965). This paradigm prioritizes public involvement identifying barriers to effective implementation in urban
in decision-making, empowers communities, and planning and exploring potential solutions.
advocates for policies that redistribute resources It is hypothesized that increased stakeholder engagement
to solve disparities and promote equity in urban and contextual adaptations can significantly improve
development. planning outcomes. The hypothesis further suggests that
4. Collaborative planning: Collaborative planning the successful execution of a plan is heavily influenced not
emphasizes the importance of partnerships and only by the effectiveness of the implementation stage but
collaboration among diverse stakeholders. This also by the foundation established during the preceding
model recognizes the necessity of consensus-building, planning stages.
negotiation, and shared decision-making to address
complex urban challenges and achieve sustainable To analyze the main research question, this article
development goals (Innes & Booher, 2003). addresses three sub-questions:
5. Communicative planning: This approach emphasizes (i) What challenges are encountered during the
the importance of clear and honest communication implementation of a plan?
among all involved parties, fostering mutual (ii) What key factors influence the implementation of a
understanding, trust, and a shared vision for the city’s plan?
future development (Healey, 1997). (iii) What strategies can be employed to enhance the
implementation of a plan?
These theoretical frameworks provide distinct
viewpoints on planning processes, the responsibilities of 3.1. Statement of the problem: Challenges in the
planners and stakeholders, and the factors that impact implementation of urban planning
planning results. By drawing insights from these models, The implementation of urban and spatial planning in
urban planners can develop comprehensive, context- Jinan, Shandong, China, faces several significant challenges
sensitive strategies for the implementation of urban and that undermine its overall efficiency and effectiveness.
spatial planning, enabling them to effectively address the A prominent issue is institutional fragmentation due to
diverse requirements and difficulties facing modern cities. overlapping responsibilities across multiple government
3. Methodology agencies, which leads to coordination problems,
inconsistent planning efforts, and a lack of unified vision
This study aims to enhance the implementation of urban among stakeholders. As a result, planning initiatives often
and spatial planning in Jinan, Shandong, China, through a suffer from delays and inefficiencies. In addition, limited
mixed-methods approach that integrates both qualitative resources, including inadequate funding and staffing, further
and quantitative techniques. The research began with a exacerbate these issues. This shortage of financial and human
literature review to identify relevant theoretical frameworks resources restricts the capacity to undertake and complete
and best practices. The research design includes qualitative ambitious projects, often resulting in suboptimal outcomes
interviews with key stakeholders and quantitative surveys or postponements. Conflicting interests among developers,
of affected communities. Sampling techniques consist citizens, and government authorities add another layer of

Volume 7 Issue 2 (2025) 3 https://doi.org/10.36922/jcau.3533