Page 95 - JCBP-2-4

Journal of Clinical and
Basic Psychosomatics Psychopathology of COVID-19 patients

with the first analysis, the underlying assumptions were of life between age groups, with a P > 0.05, meaning we
examined before proceeding with interpretation. cannot reject the null hypothesis. However, it is worth
None of the independent variables showed noting that individuals aged 20 – 40 reported better quality
multicollinearity (correlation >0.8). The results suggest of life compared to those aged 41 – 60 (Table 4).
that both gender and employment status had a statistically Similarly, when analyzing the relationship between
significant impact on quality of life, with gender showing SF-36 and employment status, the ANOVA indicated no
a P = 0.046 and employment status marginally significant statistically significant difference in quality of life between
at 0.052 (Table 3). employment categories. However, retirees reported higher
quality of life, while individuals employed in the private
3.3. One-way ANOVA sector reported lower quality of life (Table 5).
A one-way ANOVA was applied between the HSQ SF-36
and demographic variables, as the data could be grouped 4. Discussion
into at least three categories, with each group containing The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate
at least three measurements. One-way ANOVA was used the psychopathology of patients who had contracted
to investigate differences in quality of life (HSQ SF-36) COVID-19 and were monitored by a post-COVID-19
across age groups, assuming equal variances. The results clinic in the Regular Outpatient Clinics of Sotiria Thoracic
showed no statistically significant difference in quality Diseases Hospital in Athens, Greece. Specifically, this
study aimed to determine whether depression, cognitive
Table 2. Pearson correlation coefficients of the first multiple and executive functions, and demographic characteristics
regression analysis influenced the quality of life of these patients, as assessed
through the PHQ-9, HSQ SF-36, and MoCA questionnaires.
SF_36 Moca PHQ The participants included Greek adults, both men and
Pearson correlation coefficient
women, with the exception of one Georgian woman, all
HSQ SF-36 1.000 0.228 −0.435 aged >20 years. Notably, there were fewer male participants
MoCA 0.228 1.000 −0.077 (n = 20) compared to females (n = 29) in the samples. 15
PHQ −0.435 −0.077 1.000
The first multiple regression analysis sought to predict
Statistical significance the quality of life (HSQ SF-36) in patients who had recovered
HSQ SF-36 0.000 0.057 0.001 from COVID-19, based on their cognitive and executive
MoCA 0.057 0.000 0.299 functions (MoCA) and depression levels (PHQ-9). The
PHQ 0.001 0.299 0.000 findings demonstrated that depression significantly
Abbreviations: MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PHQ-9: Patient negatively affected the quality of life in COVID-19
Health Questionnaire; HSQ SF-36: Health Survey Questionnaire Short patients. This finding aligns with existing research
Form. showing that quality of life is significantly influenced by

Table 3. Pearson correlation coefficients of the second multiple regression analysis

SF_36 Gender Age Education Employment
Pearson correlation coefficient
HSQ SF-36 1.000 −0.244 −0.105 −0.118 0.235
Gender −0.244 1.000 −0.074 0.024 −0.324
Age −0.105 −0.074 1.000 0.115 −0.120
Education −0.118 0.024 0.115 1.000 −0.167
Employment 0.235 −0.324 −0.120 −0.167 1.000
Statistical significance
HSQ SF-36 0.000 0.046 0.237 0.210 0.052
Gender 0.046 0.000 0.305 0.436 0.012
Age 0.237 0.305 0.000 0.216 0.206
Education 0.210 0.436 0.216 0.000 0.126
Employment 0.052 0.012 0.206 0.126 0.000
Abbreviation: HSQ SF-36: Health Survey Questionnaire Short Form.

Volume 2 Issue 4 (2024) 4 doi: 10.36922/jcbp.3879