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Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing                      2D/3D visualization software for bioprinting



            A                       B                          Investigation: Shaddin AlZaid, Noofa Hammad, Zainab N.
                                                                  Khan
                                                               Methodology: Shaddin AlZaid, Hamed I. Albalawi
                                                               Software: Shaddin AlZaid
                                                               Visualization: Shaddin AlZaid, Hamed I. Albalawi
                                                               Writing – original draft: Shaddin AlZaid, Noofa Hammad,
                                                                  Hamed I. Albalawi
            C                       D                          Writing – review & editing:  Shaddin  AlZaid,  Noofa
                                                                  Hammad, Hamed I. Albalawi, Eter Othman, Charlotte
                                                                  A. E. Hauser.
                                                               References

                                                               1.   Kim Y, Nowzari H, Rich SK, 2013, Risk of prion disease
            E                       F                             transmission through bovine-derived bone substitutes:
                                                                  A  systematic review.  Clin Implant Dent Relat Res, 15: 
                                                                  645–653.
                                                                  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2011.00407.x
                                                               2.   Ashammakhi N, Kaarela O, 2018, Three-dimensional
                                                                  bioprinting can help bone. The J Craniofac Surg, 29: 9–11.

            Figure 6. (A-F) Marmalade reef preview and command details for specific      https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000004143
            layers.                                            3.   Tavafoghi  M,  Darabi  MA,  Mahmoodi  M,  et  al.,  2021,
                                                                  Multimaterial  bioprinting  and  combination  of  processing
            4. Conclusion                                         techniques towards the fabrication of biomimetic tissues
                                                                  and organs. Biofabrication, 13: 42002.
            The proposed “2D and 3D Model Visualization Software”
            can visualize a G-code file by translating the commands      https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/ac0b9a
            into 2D and 3D objects before operating the machine. In   4.   Liu W, Zhang YS, Heinrich MA, et al., 2017, Bioprinting:
            the future, other features will be added, such as converting   Rapid continuous multimaterial extrusion bioprinting (Adv.
            STL files into G-code, creating G-code shape paths, and   Mater. 3/2017). Adv Mater (Weinheim), 29:1604630.
            modifying the current files of G-code. Adding this tool to      https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201770016
            the TwinPrint System reduces the use of several applications   5.   Ng WL, Lee JM, Zhou M, et al., 2020, Vat polymerization-
            while printing, leading to a faster result that optimizes the   based bioprinting process, materials, applications and
            printing to be as time efficient as possible while maintaining   regulatory challenges. Biofabrication, 12: 022001.
            cost effectiveness. Moreover, the proposed method was
            optimized and improved to achieve the intended goal with      https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/ab6034
            the element of interactivity being added to the software.  6.   Jiang  T,  Munguia-Lopez  JG,  Flores-Torres  S,  et al.,  2019,
                                                                  Extrusion bioprinting of soft materials: An emerging technique
            Acknowledgments                                       for biological model fabrication. Appl Phys Rev, 6: 011310.

            The authors would like to acknowledge Ali Balubaid for his      https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5059393
            support.
                                                               7.   Li X, Liu B, Pei B,  et al., 2020, Inkjet bioprinting of
            Funding                                               biomaterials. Chem Rev, 120: 10793–10833.
            The research reported in this publication was supported   8.   Tekin E, Smith PJ, Schubert US, 2008, Inkjet printing as a
            by funding from King Abdullah University of Science and   deposition and patterning tool for polymers and inorganic
                                                                  particles. Soft Matter, 4: 703–713.
            Technology (KAUST).
                                                               9.   Villar G, Graham AD, Bayley H, 2013, A tissue-like printed
            Conflict of interest                                  material. Science, 340: 48–52.
            There are no conflicts to declare.                 10.  Xu T, Jin J, Gregory C, et al., 2005, Inkjet printing of viable
                                                                  mammalian cells. Biomaterials, 26: 93–99.
            Author contributions                               11.  Zhang LG, Leong K, Fisher JP, editors. 2022, 3D Bioprinting
            Conceptualization:  Zainab N. Khan, Shaddin AlZaid,   and Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
               Charlotte A. E. Hauser                             Medicine. Academic Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.


            Volume 1 Issue 3 (2022)                         6                      https://doi.org/10.18063/msam.v1i3.19
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