Page 23 - {PDF Title}

CPEC and eco civilization in SDGs

Table 10. (Continued)
Statements Expert groups Sum of Df Mean F Sig.
squares square
39. To what extent, the government can play its role in Between groups 0.583 2 0.292 0.683 0.532
environmental governance? Within groups 3.417 8 0.427
Total 4.000 10
40. Technological ways can be used in the management Between groups 0.159 2 0.080 0.231 *0.040
of scarce natural resources, in the context of Gwadar Within groups 2.750 8 0.344
city to what extent?
Total 2.909 10
41. Reservoirs for groundwater and glaciers for Between groups 0.061 2 0.030 0.052 0.950
freshwater resources can be stored. Within groups 4.667 8 0.583
Total 4.727 10
42. The resources of water can be reserved in the best Between groups 0.765 2 0.383 0.325 0.732
possible way. Within groups 9.417 8 1.177
Total 10.182 10
43. Foreseeable water pollution can be reduced to protect Between groups 1.129 2 0.564 1.322 0.319
the ecological environment in Gwadar city, within the Within day 3.417 8 0.427
context of CPEC.
Total 4.545 10
Note: *Indicates statistically significant elements in all the three themes at p≤0.05.
Abbreviations: DF: Degrees of freedom; CPEC: China–Pakistan Economic Corridor; GDP: Gross domestic product; Sig.: Significance.

Table 11. Outcomes of final prioritized and consensus elements from Delphi study
Statement Consensus Mean Rank Significance Stability
level (%)
1. To what extent, China is struggling to formalize 81.8 4.00 6–8 0.037 Moderate
environmental laws; stability (0.48)
A. Improved compatibility in environmental related laws
B. Revision of existing laws
C. Improvement in legislation
D. Any other
2. To what extent Strategic Environment Assessment 90.9 4.00 8–10 0.017 Moderate
is required to be the part of assessment system to stability (0.59)
implement development projects of CPEC
3. To what extent payments for ecosystems services such 81.8 4.18 6–8 0.027 Almost perfect
as fiscal incentives have to be incorporated to avoid stability (0.86)
deforestation in CPEC development
4. Desalination plants with Chinese investment are not 90.9 4.27 8–10 0.011 Almost perfect
viable for water because of technical issues and high stability (0.85)
operational costs
5. Technological ways can be used in management of 90.9 3.91 8–10 0.040 Slight stability
scarce natural resources, in context to Gwadar city to (0.12)
what extent
Abbreviation: CPEC: China–Pakistan Economic Corridor.

structures that prioritize ecological harmony. One of the ability to scale green development practices, combining
climate experts commenting on the global significance of technological innovation with traditional ecological
China’s steps said, “What sets China’s model apart is its wisdom to create a sustainable blueprint for developing

Volume 22 Issue 1 (2025) 17 doi: 10.36922/ajwep.8483