Page 44 - AN-3-4

Advanced Neurology Anticoagulants as neuroprotective therapeutics

therapeutic targeting of thrombin, a key mediator of fritsmafactor.com [Last accessed on 2024 Oct 24].
cerebrovascular and neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer’s 27. Iannucci J, Grammas P. Thrombin, a key driver of pathological
disease. Biomedicines. 2022;10(8):1890.
inflammation in the brain. Cells. 2023;12(9):1222.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10081890 doi: 10.3390/cells12091222
16. Toribo-Fernandez R, Ceron C, Tristao-Pereira C, et al. Oral 28. Grosser T, Weber AA. Pharmakologie der Hämostase. In:
anticoagulants: A plausible new treatment for Alzheimer’s Aktories K, Förstermann U, Hofmann F, Starke K, editors.
disease? Br J Pharmacol. 2024;181(6):760-776. Allgemeine und Spezielle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie.
th
doi: 10.1111/bph.16032 12 ed. München, Germany: Elsevier; 2017. p. 465-488.
17. Van Dyk CH, Aisen SP, Bateman RJ, et al. Lecanemab in 29. Whittier JR, Korenyi C, Klein DF, Foley W. Prevention of
early Alzheimer’s disease. N Engl J Med. 2023;388(1):9-21. degenerative disease: A controlled study of anticoagulant
prophylaxis. J Chronic Dis. 1961;14:203-212.
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2212948
doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(61)90153-9
18. Yang AC, Vest RT, Kern F, et al. A human brain vascular
atlas reveals diverse mediators of Alzheimer’s risk. Nature. 30. Ratner J, Rosenberg G, Kral VA, Engelsmann F.
2022;603(7903):885-892. Anticoagulant therapy for senile dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc.
1972;20(11):556-559.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04369-3
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1972.tb00758.x
19. Bauzon J, Lee G, Cummings J. Repurposed agents in the
Alzheimer’s disease drug development pipeline. Alzheimers 31. Walsh AC, Walsh BH, Melaney C. Senile-presenile dementia:
Res Ther. 2020;12:98. Follow-up data on an effective psychotherapy-anticoagulant
regimen. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1978;26(10):467-470.
doi: 10.1186/s13195-020-00662-x
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb03326.x
20. Beura SK, Dhapola R, Panigrahi AR, Yadav P, Kumar R,
Reddy DH. Antiplatelet drugs: Potential therapeutic options 32. Shameem R, Ansell, J. Disadvantages of VKA and
for the management of neurodegenerative diseases. Med Res requirements for novel anticoagulants. Best Pract Res Clin
Rev. 2023;43:1835-1877. Haematol. 2013;26(2):103-114.
doi: 10.1002/med.21965 doi: 10.1016/j.beha.2013.07.009
21. Taubes A, Nova P, Zalocuscy KA, et al. Experimental 33. Fredenburgh JC, Weitz JI. News at XI: Moving beyond factor
and real-world evidence supporting the computational Xa inhibitors. J Thromb Haemo. 2023;21(7):1692-1702.
repurposing of bumetanide for APOE4-related Alzheimer’s doi: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.04.021
disease. Nature Aging. 2021;1(10):932-947.
34. Azzoug C, Nuemi G, Menu D, et al. Direct oral anticoagulants
doi: 10.1038/s43587-021-00122-7 versus vitamin K antagonists in individuals aged 80 years
22. Grossmann K. Anticoagulants for treatment of Alzheimer’s and older: An overview in 2021. Int J Environ Res Public
disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;77(4):1373-1382. Health. 2023;20(2):1448.
doi: 10.3233/JAD-200610 doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021448
23. Grossmann K. Direct oral anticoagulants: A new 35. Yamada M. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy: Emerging
therapy against Alzheimer’s disease? Neural Reg Res. concepts. J Stroke. 2015;17(1):17-30.
2021;16(8):1556-1557. doi: 10.5853/jos.2015.17.1.17
doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.303029 36. Zott B, Simon MM, Hong W, et al. A vicious cycle of β
24. Grossmann K. Alzheimer’s disease-rationales for potential amyloid-dependent neuronal hyperactivation. Science.
treatment with the thrombin inhibitor dabigatran. Int J Mol 2019;365(6453):559-565.
Sci. 2021;22(9):4805. doi: 10.1126/science.aay0198
doi: 10.3390/ijms22094805 37. Condello C, Maxwell AM, Castillo E, et al. Aβ and tau
25. Singh, PK, Badimon A, Chen ZL, Strickland S, Norris EH. prions feature in the neuropathogenesis of down syndrome.
The contact activation system and vascular factors as Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2022;119(46):e2212954119.
alternative targets for Alzheimer’s disease therapy. Res Pract doi: 10.1073/pnas.2212954119
Thromb Haemost. 2021;5(4):e12504.
38. Busch L, Eggert S, Endres K, Bufe B. The hidden role of non-
doi: 10.1002/rth2.12504 canonical amyloid β isoforms in Alzheimer’s disease. Cells.
2022;11(21):3421.
26. Reed MM. Can Apixaban Help Reduce the Risk of Dementia
and Alzheimer’s Disease?; 2022. Available from: https://www. doi: 10.3390/cells11213421

Volume 3 Issue 4 (2024) 26 doi: 10.36922/an.3799