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Advances in Radiotherapy
            & Nuclear Medicine                                    Brachytherapy versus external beam in local dose escalation




                                     Over the first 8 years following treatment,   both the intermediate-risk (p=0.003) and




                                Main results  the prevalence of severe urinary  events ranged from 4% to 14% in the  3D-CRT+HDR-IRT group, and from  0% to 10% in the 3D-CRT alone. A  statistically significant difference was  observed only at 5.5 y (14% vs. 0%,   LDR-IRT significantly improved  biochemical progression-free survival in   high-risk (p=0.048)  A significant benefit was observed at 5 y  for the LDR-IRT boost compared to the   3D-CRT was associated with higher









                                Median   FU  7 y   P=0.02)  6.5 y  subsets    8.2 y  3D-CRT boost



                                Late   toxicity      GU G3,  EBRT:   18.4%;  p<0.0001*

                                     -                   5.2%;  LDR:          -
                                Acute   toxicity     GU G2,  EBRT:   15.8%;  LDR: 30%;  p<0.0001*


                                     -                                        -

                                OS     3D-CRT: 89%;  HDR IRT 88%  3D-CRT: 88%;  HDR IRT:   EBRT: 89%;  LDR: 91%  EBRT: 82%;  LDR: 86%  EBRT: 74%;  LDR: 78%  3D-CRT: 87%;  LDR-IRT: 80%  3D-CRT: 30%;  LDR-IRT: 23%
                                     At 5 y,  At 7 y,  81%  p=0.2  At 5 y,  At 7 y,  At 9 y,  At 10.6 y,  At 14 y,



                                CSS                  At 5-y,  EBRT:   LDR: 97%  At 7 y,  EBRT:   LDR: 96%  At 9-y,  EBRT:   LDR: 95% Abbreviations: CSS: Cancer-specific survival; DFS: Disease-free survival; DMFS: Distant metastasis-free survival; EBRT: External beam radiotherapy; fr: Fractions; FU: Follow-up; G: Grade;   GU: Genito-urinary; Gy: Gray; HDR: High-dose rate; IRT: Interventional radiotherapy; LC: Local control; LDR: Low-dose rate; n: Number; OS: Overall surviv
                                     -                   98%;    94%;    92%;  -
                                DMFS7DFS  -          At 5 y,  EBRT: 93%;  LDR: 93%  At 7 y,  EBRT: 93%;  LDR: 91%  At 9 y,  EBRT: 85%;  LDR: 89%  -






                                LC     3D-CRT: 61%;  HDR-IRT: 75%  3D-CRT 48%  HDR IRT 66%  EBRT: 84%;  LDR: 89%  EBRT: 75%;  LDR: 86%  EBRT: 62%;  LDR: 83%  3D-CRT: 38%  LDR-IRT: 67%  3D-CRT: 30%  LDR-IRT: 53%
                                     At 5 y, 3D-CRT: 55   Gy/13 fr;  HDR IRT:   At 7 y, 17Gy (+37.5 Gy   3D-CRT)  p=0.04  At 5 y,  46Gy+32Gy/16fr  At 7 y,  LDR: 115   Gy (+46 Gy   3D-CRT)  At 9 y,  p<0.001  At 10.6 y, 3D-CRT: 66 Gy;  LDR-IRT: 35   Gy (+40 Gy   At 14 y,  3D-CRT)  p<0.001



                                Treatment
                            Table 2. Summary of prostate cancer studies  n pts  Study  Period  3D-CRT:   Rand  1997 –   106;  2005  HDR-IRT:   110  EBRT:   EBRT:   Rand  2002 –   200;  2011  IRT:  IRT: 198  3D-CRT   Rand  1992 –   53;  1997  LDR-IRT:   51  y: Years; 3D-CRT: Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, vs.: Versus.





















            Volume 3 Issue 3 (2025)   Authors  Hoskin   et al. 13  Morris   et al. 14  17  Sathya   et al. 15  doi: 10.36922/ARNM025160017
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