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Explora: Environment
            and Resource                                                             Climate suitability of AWD practice



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            in Uganda are necessary. These should be carried out in   3.   Africa Rice Center (WARDA)/FAO/SAA. In: Somado EA,
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            comparison with other water-saving techniques, including   Africa-A Compendium. Cotonou, Benin, Rome, Italy, Tokyo,
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                                                                  Japan: Africa Rice Center (WARDA), FAO, Sasakawa Africa
            Acknowledgments                                       Association; 2008. p. 210.
                                                               4.   Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries
            The authors express their sincere support from the    (MAAIF).  Uganda National Rice Development Strategy
            Department  of  Agricultural  Mechanization  and      (UNRDS), 2  Draft. Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry
                                                                           nd
            Irrigation, Busitema University; Laboratory of Soil   and Fisheries; 2009. Available from: https://www.jica.go.jp/
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            Uganda.
                                                               5.   Hong S, Hwang S, Lamo J, Nampamya D, Park T. The current
            Funding                                               status of opportunities for rice production in Uganda.
                                                                  J Korean Soc Int Agric. 2021;33(1):67-74.
            None.
                                                                  doi: 10.12719/KSIA.2021.33.1.67
            Conflict of interest                               6.   Bwire D, Saito H, Sidle RC, Mugisha M. Water management
            There are no conflicts of interest among the authors.  for rice production: A key component of food security in
                                                                  east africa. Discov Water. 2025;5(1):7.
            Authors contributions                                 doi: 10.1007/s43832-025-00196-z
            Conceptualization: Edson Bagamba, Denis Bwire      7.   Bwire D, Saito H, Mugisha M, Nabunya V. Water productivity
            Data curation: Edson Bagamba, Denis Bwire             and harvest index response of paddy rice with alternate
            Investigation: Edson Bagamba                          wetting and drying practice for adaptation to climate
            Methodology: Edson Bagamba, Denis Bwire               change. Water. 2022;14:3368.
            Supervision: Denis Bwire, Victo Nabunya               doi: 10.3390/w14213368
            Visualization: Edson Bagamba, Denis Bwire          8.   Bwire D, Saito H, Sidle RC, Nishiwaki J. Water management
            Writing–original draft: Denis Bwire, Victo Nabunya    and hydrological characteristics of paddy-rice fields under
            Writing–review & editing: Denis Bwire,  Victo Nabunya,   alternate wetting and drying irrigation practice as climate
               Daniel Otim                                        smart practice: A review. Agronomy. 2024;14:1421.
            Ethics approval and consent to participate            doi: 10.3390/agronomy14071421
            Not applicable.                                    9.  FAO. The Future of Foods and Agriculture Trends and Challenges.
                                                                  FAO; 2017. Available from: https://openknowledge.fao.
            Consent for publication                               org/server/api/core/bitstreams/2e90c833-8e84-46f2-a675-
                                                                  ea2d7afa4e24/content [Last accessed on 2024 May 05].
            Not applicable.
                                                               10.  Xiao X, Boles S, Frolking S, Li C, Babu J Y, Salas W. Mapping
            Availability of data                                  paddy rice agriculture in South and Southeast Asia using
                                                                  multi-temporal MODIS images.  Remote Sens Environ.
            The satellite-based precipitation and solar radiation data   2006;100:95-113.
            and  annual reference evapotranspiration data  used  are
            available in the archives of FAO WapoR data; https://     doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2005.10.004
            wapor.apps.fao.org/catalog/WAPOR_2/1/L1_PCP_D,     11.  MWE.  National Irrigation Policy. Uganda: MWE; 2017.
            https://wapor.apps.fao.org/home/WAPOR_2/1,  and       Available from: https://www.mwe.go.ug/sites/default/files/
            https://worldclim.org/data/index.html.                library/uganda%20national%20irrigation%20policy.pdf
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            References                                         12.  Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, et al. Water-saving irrigation is
            1.   Rosell MC, Marco C. Rice. In: Gluten-Free Cereal Products   a ‘win-win’ management strategy in rice paddies-With both
               and Beverages: Food Science and Technology. Amsterdam   reduced greenhouse gas emissions and enhanced water use
               Netherlands: Academic Press; 2008. p. 81-100, II-III.  efficiency. Agric Water Manag. 2020;228:105889.


            Volume 2 Issue 2 (2025)                         15                          doi: 10.36922/EER025040005
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