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Global Health Econ Sustain                                          Quantum Data Lake for epidemic analysis




            Table 1. Taxonomy of DNA viruses that infect humans based   2.3. Quantum theory application
            on the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
                                                               Quantum theory was applied to all the included data, and
            Taxonomy of viruses                                the Quantum Data Lake concept was proposed, relating to
            Realm: Duplodnaviria                               the elaborated DNA virus ontology and the corresponding
                                                               symptoms and diseases.
             Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
               Phylum: Peploviricota                             Hilbert space  H is generally an infinite-dimensional
                Class: Herviviricetes                          vector space or, in the case of spin states, a finite-dimensional
                 Order: Herpesvirales                          vector space. For  H, the wave function approximates to
                  Family: Herpesviridae                        coordinate the system as a vector (complex vector space)
                                                               representing the state of  a physical  system  in  quantum
            Realm: Monodnaviria                                mechanics. The Schrödinger equation is the fundamental
             Kingdom: Shotokuvirae                             equation of quantum mechanics as it describes the change
               Phylum: Cossaviricota                           in space and time of a pure state, given by the wave function
                Class: Papovaviricetes                         in Equation I,
                 Order: Sepolyvirales                             ∂    ˆ
                  Family: Polyomaviridae                       Iħ ∂t ψ= ψH                                 (I)
                 Order: Zurhausenvirales
                  Family: Papillomaviridae                       where  Ĥ is a Hamiltonian, which is a differential
                Class: Quintoviricetes                         energy operator. Hamiltonian determines the dynamics
                                                               and total energy of the quantum system in Hilbert space
                 Order: Piccovirales                           (Equation II),
                  Family: Parvoviridae
               Phylum: Cressdnaviricota                        Ĥψ = Eψ                                     (II)
                Class: Arfiviricetes                             As Hermitian symmetry in quantum mechanics is
                 Order: Cirlivirales                           a fundamental principle, Hamiltonian is assumed to be
                                                               Dirac Hermitian (Equation III),
                  Family: Circoviridae
            Realm: Riboviria                                   H = H †                                    (III)
                                                                        †
             Kingdom: Pararnavirae                               where H  denotes the complex conjugation and matrix
               Phylum: Artverviricota                          transposition (Chino, 2020; Harlow & Ooguri, 2021;
                Class: Revtraviricetes                         Özdemir et al., 2019; Rischke, 2021).
                 Order: Blubervirales                            The notion of Hermitian symmetry is an extension of
                  Family: Hepadnaviridae                       ordinary symmetry to a complex domain. Space inversion,
            Realm: Varidnaviria                                rotations, or translations are symmetry transformations
             Kingdom: Bamfordvirae                             of a Hamiltonian. Symmetry transformation operator
                                                               R can act on the space of states, transform by a similar
               Phylum: Nucleocytoviricota
                                                               transformation, and commute with H to form a symmetry
                Class: Pokkesviricetes                         group of a Hamiltonian. Two eigenfunctions that are
                 Order: Chitovirales                           mapped into each other by a symmetry transformation
                  Family: Poxviridae                           R have the same energy eigenvalue and are invariant
               Phylum: Preplasmiviricota                       under the action of the symmetry group (Bouchard, 2020;
                Class: Tectiliviricetes                        Marchildon, 2002) (Equations IV and V),
                 Order: Rowavirales                            RH = HR                                    (IV)
                  Family: Adenoviridae                         H(Rψ) = R(Hψ) = R(Eψ) = E(Rψ)              (V)

                                                                 Charge, parity, and time reversal discrete symmetries
            room/fact-sheets/detail/monkeypox), and more than   all have quantum systems with a Hermitian Hamiltonian.
            90,000 cases of monkeypox have been confirmed by the   C-symmetry is the charge conjugation and changes the sign
            WHO (https://worldhealthorg.shinyapps.io/mpx_global/).   of all charges. P-symmetry is the parity transformation that
            Acute respiratory disease, gastroenteritis, and meningitis   reflects simultaneous mirror flips in the sign of all three
            appear due to Mastadenovirus infections.           spatial coordinates.  T-symmetry is  the theoretical  time


            Volume 2 Issue 1 (2024)                         4                        https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2148
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