Page 86 - GHES-3-1

Global Health Economics and
Sustainability
Impact of socio-demographics on MMR, TFR, & FP in Pakistan

Figure 1. Human Capital Index for selected Asian, African, and Middle Eastern Countries (WB, 2020)

Figure 2. Human Capital Index for Pakistan: A comparison between provinces (WB, n.d.). Abbreviation: KP: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Figure 3. Maternal mortality ratio in Pakistan. Abbreviation: KPK: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

making power for women, fewer prospects for educational report MMRs of 224 and 298 out of 100,000 live births,
attainment, and lower socioeconomic status. Disparities respectively. These disparities can be attributed to
between provinces are also notable, with northern underdeveloped infrastructure and issues in health-
provinces, namely, Punjab and KP having MMRs of 157 care access, compounded by an increased prevalence of
1
and 165 out of 100,000 live births, respectively, whereas multidimensional poverty.
southern provinces, namely, Sindh and Balochistan
Although the devolution due to the 18 Constitutional
th
1 KP or KPK: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa – a province of Pakistan Amendment in 2010 has led to increased provincial

Volume 3 Issue 1 (2025) 78 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2531