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Gene & Protein in Disease Therapeutic opportunities in hydrogen sulfide for cancer research

Figure 1. A schematic illustration of the biosynthesis of endogenous H S in mammals. H S: Hydrogen sulfide, H O: Water, CBS: Cystathionine β-synthase,
2
2
2
CSE: Cystathionine γ-lyase, NH : ammonia, L-Glu: L-glutamate, αKG: α-ketoglutarate, 3-MST: 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, CAT: Cysteine
3
aminotransferase, 3-MP: 3-mercaptopyruvate, DAO: D-amino acid oxidase.
Besides that, numerous studies have revealed the of cancer, including hepatocellular, lung, and colorectal
potential of allicin in enhancing the sensitivity effects of cancer (CRC) [23,24] . In addition, the cardiotoxicity of the
other anticancer therapeutics when used synergistically. For anticancer drug doxorubicin in rats can be reduced by
example, a combination of artesunate and allicin induces allicin through the attenuation of apoptotic, oxidative
osteosarcoma cell death through caspase-dependent stress, and inflammatory responses .
[25]
apoptotic pathways . Similarly, the side effects of the
[20]
anticancer drug cisplatin, especially in damaging stria In multiple myeloma, the use of allicin with
vascularis, could be successfully reduced by synergizing dexamethasone increases the sensitivity of side population
the drug with allicin as shown in a mice model . It has cells to the latter by upregulating the expression of
[21]
also been indicated that the sensitivity of temozolomide, miR-127-3p and inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
[26]
a chemotherapy drug, can be significantly enhanced by (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR pathway . Allicin can also increase
allicin in glioblastoma through the upregulation of miR- the sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells by
486-3p . The compound has also been reported to suppressing hypoxia-inducing factors 1α and 2α in hypoxic
[22]
improve the sensitivity of 5-fluorouracil in different types cells. Apart from chemotherapy, allicin can enhance the

Volume 2 Issue 1 (2023) 3 https://doi.org/10.36922/gpd.v2i1.164