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Gene & Protein in Disease                                      Opportunities and challenges of HIF-1 in cancer



            favoring further tumor development.  HIF-1 activity also   American Cancer Society; 2022. Available from: https://
                                         138
            hampers the formation of MHC-I molecules necessary for   www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-
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            4. Conclusion                                      5.   World Health Organization. “Cancer.” World Health
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            Acknowledgments                                       Implications for novel biomarker and anticancer agent
                                                                  development. Semin Oncol. 2017;44(3):198-203.
            None.
                                                                  doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2017.10.004
            Funding                                            8.   Bhattacharya B, Mohd Omar MF, Soong R. The Warburg effect
                                                                  and drug resistance. Br J Pharmacol. 2016;173(6):970-979.
            None.
                                                                  doi: 10.1111/bph.13422
            Conflict of interest                               9.   Weidemann A, Johnson RS. Biology of HIF-1 α. Cell Death
            The authors declare that they have no competing interests.  Different. 2008;15(4):621-627.
                                                                  doi: 10.1038/cdd.2008.12
            Author contributions
                                                               10.  Smith  TG, Robbins PA,  Ratcliffe  PJ. The human side of
            Conceptualization: Maria Vasileiou, Christina Tsianava  hypoxia-inducible factor. Br J Haematol. 2008;141(3):325-334.
            Writing – original draft: All authors                 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07029.x
            Writing – review & editing: All authors
                                                               11.  Yang SL, Wu C, Xiong ZF, Fang X. Progress on hypoxia-
            Ethics approval and consent to participate            inducible factor-3: Its structure, gene regulation and biological
                                                                  function (Review). Mol Med Rep. 2015;12(2):2411-2416.
            Not applicable.
                                                                  doi: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3689
            Consent for publication                            12.  Semenza GL. Hypoxia-inducible factors in physiology and
            Not applicable.                                       medicine. Cell. 2012;148(3):399-408.
                                                                  doi: 10.1016%2Fj.cell.2012.01.021
            Availability of data
                                                               13.  Dengler VL, Galbraith MD, Espinosa JM. Transcriptional
            Not applicable.                                       regulation by hypoxia inducible factors. Crit Rev Biochem
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            Volume 3 Issue 2 (2024)                         11                              doi: 10.36922/gpd.3431
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