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Gene & Protein in Disease TNFA polymorphism and risk of endometriosis

fact that the disease of interest is complex and influenced All authors collaborated on finalizing the manuscript
by both polygenic and environmental factors. and provided valuable feedback throughout the process,
Further research is needed to validate our findings ultimately endorsing the final version.
and improve our understanding. Future studies should Ethics approval and consent to participate
apply TSA to ensure adequate sample sizes and include
unpublished data and grey literature to reduce publication Not applicable.
bias. Investigating gene-gene and gene-environment
interactions is critical for understanding the multifactorial Consent for publication
nature of the disease. In addition, incorporating diverse Not applicable.
populations will enhance the generalizability of findings
and provide deeper insights into disease risk factors. Availability of data

5. Conclusion All the data analyzed in the present study were downloaded
from online databases such as PubMed and Web of Science.
Our meta-analysis investigated the association between
variations in the TNFA gene and the risk of endometriosis. References
Despite a comprehensive analysis of 18 studies, we 1. Smolarz B, Szyłło K, Romanowicz H. Endometriosis:
found no significant associations between specific TNFA Epidemiology, classification, pathogenesis, treatment
variants and the likelihood of developing endometriosis. and genetics (review of literature). Int J Mol Sci.
Although our study adhered to rigorous methodologies 2021;22(19):10554.
and employed robust statistical analyses, it is important to doi: 10.3390/ijms221910554
acknowledge several limitations, including the relatively
small sample sizes of the included studies. Further research 2. Saunders PTK, Horne AW. Endometriosis: Etiology,
involving larger cohorts and diverse populations is essential pathobiology, and therapeutic prospects. Cell.
to validate these findings and deepen our understanding of 2021;184(11):2807-2824.
the genetic factors contributing to endometriosis. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.041

Acknowledgments 3. Sudershan A, Sudershan S, Younis M, et al. Enlightening
the association between TNF-α -308 G > A and migraine:
None. A meta-analysis with meta-regression and trial sequential
analysis. BMC Neurol 2023;23(1):159.
Funding
doi: 10.1186/s12883-023-03174-x
None.
4. González-Ramos R, Van Langendonckt A, Defrère S,
Conflict of interest et al. Involvement of the nuclear factor-κB pathway in the
pathogenesis of endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2010;94(6):
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. 1985-1994.

Author contributions doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.01.013
5. Laganà AS, Vitale SG, Salmeri FM, et al. Unus pro omnibus,
Conceptualization: Amrit Sudershan, Parvinder Kumar omnes pro uno: A novel, evidence-based, unifying theory
Investigation: Amrit Sudershan, Showkat Ahmad Malik, for the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Med Hypotheses.
Srishty, Feroze Ahmed Dar, Bashir Ahmad Sheikh, 2017;103:10-20.
Mehraj Bashir
Methodology: Amrit Sudershan, Srishty Sudershan, Agar doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.03.032
Chander Pushap, Mohd Anis Ganaie, Irfan Ahmad 6. D’Alfonso S, Richiardi PM. A polymorphic variation in
Bhat, Mohd Younis, Parvinder Kumar, Showkat a putative regulation box of the TNFA promoter region.
Ahmad Malik, Mehraj Bashir Immunogenetics. 1994;39(2):150-154.
Formal analysis: Amrit Sudershan, Irfan Ahmad Bhat, doi: 10.1007/BF00188619
Showkat Ahmad Najar, Mohd Younis 7. Pizzo A, Salmeri FM, Ardita FV, et al. Behaviour of
Writing – original draft: Amrit Sudershan, Agar Chander cytokine levels in serum and peritoneal fluid of women with
Pushap, Srishty Sudershan endometriosis. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2002;54(2):82-87.
Writing – review & editing: Showkat Ahmad Malik, Srishty
Sudershan, Agar Chander Pushap, Mohd Anis Ganaie, doi: 10.1159/000067717
Bashir Ahmad Sheikh, Mehraj Bashir 8. Xavier P, Belo L, Beires J, et al. Serum levels of VEGF and

Volume 4 Issue 3 (2025) 14 doi: 10.36922/gpd.5204