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Global Translational Medicine

REVIEW ARTICLE
Efficacy of ketogenic and low-carbohydrate

diets in the management of Type 2 diabetes: A
narrative review

Sabrina Zaman , Tamsel Ahammed *, Md. Nazmul Haque , and
1
1
1
Md. Enamul Huque 2
1 Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Jashore
University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
2 Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of
Dhaka, Bangladesh
(This article belongs to Special Issue: Recent Advances in Macronutrient Metabolism)

Abstract
Obesity and diabetes represent two prevalent metabolic challenges intricately linked
to poor dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle. The escalating incidence of both
conditions in recent years has approached epidemic proportions, with concomitant
associations observed in individuals with excessive body weight, including
hypertension and cancer. In response to this growing health concern, treatment
approaches such as food therapy are deemed necessary. A pivotal aspect in managing
these conditions is the careful selection of an appropriate diet to facilitate effective
weight loss while minimizing potential adverse effects. Consequently, the ketogenic
diet (KD) has garnered attention and support in the treatment of obesity and diabetes.
This review aims to discern the potential advantages and risks associated with the
*Corresponding author: utilization of a low-carbohydrate diet in Type 2 diabetic patients. It is well-established
Tamsel Ahammed that dietary choices significantly impact the health of diabetic patients, and therefore,
(tjtamsel10@gmail.com)
adopting an appropriate diet is crucial. The KD has demonstrated positive effects
Citation: Zaman S, Ahammed T, on blood sugar levels and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, concurrently
Haque MN, et al., 2023, Efficacy
of ketogenic and low-carbohydrate contributing to a reduction in insulin requirements during medication therapy.
diets in the management of Type 2 Furthermore, short-term experiments have revealed a positive association between
diabetes: A narrative review. Global nutrition choices and weight management. Beneficial improvements have been
Transl Med, 2(4): 1361. noted in the lipid profiles, including high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein,
https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.1361
HbA1c, and triglyceride levels. For individuals grappling with diabetes or obesity, a
Received: July 24, 2023 low-carbohydrate diet emerges as a genuine and potentially beneficial therapy option.
Accepted: October 17, 2023
Published Online: December 14, This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key concepts influencing the
2023 treatment of obesity and Type 2 diabetic patients through low-carbohydrate diets.
Copyright: © 2023 Author(s).
This is an Open-Access article
distributed under the terms of the Keywords: Keto diet; Type 2 diabetes; Obesity; Non-communicable disease
Creative Commons Attribution
License, permitting distribution,
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is
properly cited. 1. Introduction
[1]
Publisher’s Note: AccScience Obesity and diabetes are increasing at an alarming rate . Certain physicians and
Publishing remains neutral with health professionals advocate for the authenticity and efficacy of low-carbohydrate
regard to jurisdictional claims in [2]
published maps and institutional diets as a therapeutic strategy for addressing diabetes and obesity . The prevalence of
affiliations. diabetes and obesity, impacting over one billion individuals, constitutes a significant

Volume 2 Issue 4 (2023) 1 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.1361