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International Journal of Bioprinting Nanoclay biopolymer inks for 3D printing

Figure 6. X-ray diffraction curves for the polysaccharide based-samples: (A) alginate–salecan samples and (B) alginate–salecan nanocomposites samples.

viscosity of the inks which favored the shape preservation incidence of 20 ± 5 µm. Conversely, the pore domain
and limited the spilling effect after extrusion. distributions depicted only the inner porosity from the
filaments and excluded the large pores that were built-in
The objects fabricated with composite inks feature from the beginning in the 3D CAD model. Pore template
complex pore network with easily discernible particularities. was impacted to a higher extent than wall structuration.
First of all, the walls in the control sample exceed 100 µm, From samples AA0 to AV2C4, the distribution of pore
but the object has a very low porosity overall (< 5%); domains and the total porosity (in the filaments) increased
however, the composite formulations were patterned in steadily, going beyond the threshold of 200 µm and a share
templates consisting of structures of up to 120 µm, yet, to of 71.5% porosity in sample AV2C4. This augmentation
a lower extent. Even though the share of thicker walls was was favored by the addition of the inorganic phase and the
generally low, these kinds of assemblies could significantly interfaces between the dispersed agent and the polymer
improve the mechanical behavior of the ensemble. Also, matrix; these submicronic disruptions favored the fusion
with the exception of AA0, the distribution of wall thickness of water crystals during the freezing process and enabled,
domains was a left-skewed Gaussian bell, with a maximum eventually, the attainment of larger pores. In addition,

Volume 10 Issue 1 (2024) 191 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.0967