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International Journal of Bioprinting DNA-functionalized hyaluronic acid bioink

Figure 1. Schemvatic illustration of DNA-functionalized HA bioink for cartilage regeneration. Created using BioRender.com.

manipulating both the microscopic and macroscopic between complementary DNA sequences, electrostatic
characteristics of DNA-based hydrogels. DNA hydrogels interactions as well as metal–ion coordination for
can be obtained through various gelation strategies, crosslinking purposes. These bonds offer a dynamic
including chemical or physical crosslinking. Chemical and adjustable nature to the structure. 42,43 When it
crosslinking is involved in the formation of the comes to the fabrication of tunable DNA hydrogels, the
intermolecular covalent bonds within DNA, establishing
stable and irreversible connections that preserve the gelation strategies can be categorized into three types:
mechanical resilience, stability, and shape fidelity. assembly guided by DNA sticky ends, assembly-induced
On the other hand, physical crosslinking capitalizes enzymatically, and assembly based on hybridization
on non-covalent bonds including hydrogen bonds chain reaction.

Volume 10 Issue 2 (2024) 28 doi: 10.36922/ijb.1814