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International Journal of Bioprinting Supramolecular hydrogels as bioinks

Figure 4. Cyclodextrin-based supramolecular hydrogels as advanced bioinks in 3D printing. (A - A) Synthesis of host–guest supramolecular crosslinker
based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (HGP) induces a visible change in the solution via complexation from (a) suspension to (b) clear solution.
(B - B) Schematic representation of the HGP gel synthesis process using reversible host–guest interactions. After mixing acrylamide (AAm), photo-initiator
(LAP), and supramolecular crosslinker (HGP) in water, ultraviolet (UV)-initiated crosslinking generated the supramolecular hydrogel. Adapted with
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permission from. (B) Electrospun hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel nanofiber segments functionalized with either host β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) or guest
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Ad supramolecular moieties to form host–guest complexes. Adapted with permission from. (C) Diagram illustrating the development of bioink and the
subsequent 3D bioprinting of heterogeneous constructs for osteochondral defect repair. Adapted with permission from. (D) Synthesis of precursors and
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UV-crosslinked supramolecular hydrogels (Ac-β-CD[KGN], GelMA, SAMA). (D - a and b) 3D-printed supramolecular hydrogel structure. (D, c) Self-
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healing properties of the supramolecular hydrogel. Adapted with permission from. Abbreviations: SAMA: Methacrylated sodium alginate; Ac-β-CD(KGN):
Acrylate beta cyclodextrin; KGN: Kartogenin; CLH: Chondral layer hydrogel; OLH: Osseous layer hydrogel; Ad-AAm: Acrylamide-modified adamantane;
OCDPOSS: Octavia-cyclodextrin-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane; MLT: Meniscus-like tissue; ADSC: Adipose-derived stem cells; β-TCP:
Beta tricalcium phosphate; HGP: Star-shaped POSS contains supramolecular crosslinker; LAP: Lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethyl-benzoyl phosphinate.
Volume 10 Issue 3 (2024) 12 doi: 10.36922/ijb.3223