Page 254 - IJB-8-4

3D Bioprinting for Lung Tissue Regeneration

Figure 1. Different techniques of 3D bioprinting.

immediate crosslinking. Depending on the layer of potential bioinks, perfect bioprinting technique, and
thickness, the building time can be potentially reduced. maintenance of microenvironment for promoting tissue
Moreover, the required energy input can be controlled by morphogenesis will lead to the generation of a construct
[97]
modifying light source and exposure time . with all the required functionalities . Total lung construct
[93]
requires different living tissues and other components
5. Application of 3D bioprinted lung to treat to be functional, and 3D bioprinting can deposit all the
irreversible lung damage components, including cells, growth factors, and matrix
material. That is difficult for other methods because of the
3D bioprinting is a biofabrication method that utilizes complexity of human body .
[96]
computer-aided design for depositing various cells or Bioinks preparation, selection of appropriate
tissues in a pre-decided location. It is intelligent enough bioprinting technique, and bioprinting procedure are
to create complex geometric parts at a faster pace, which the major steps of this stage, and among these three,
other technologies may not be able to catch up with. preparation of bioinks and bioprinting technique selection
Moreover, a high degree of fidelity can be maintained. are the most crucial steps because the bioinks and the
Quick redesign and repair of the printed construct are chosen technique could influence the effectiveness of
also possible with the help of 3D bioprinting as it utilizes the printed construct. Preparation of bioinks is governed
computer software . This technology can control the by multiple factors, such as suitable cell source, perfect
[96]
structure of the cell biomaterial architecture and help scaffold materials, and proper additives (growth factors,
maintain and mature the tissue construct by providing the chemicals, and microcarriers) . Moreover, selecting
[97]
required physicochemical and biological environment. a perfect bioprinting technique is necessary to increase
Selection of the perfect bioink is necessary to fabricate cell viability as cell viability depends on factors such
a 3D structure that mimics the actual tissue or organ, as duration of the whole printing procedure and cells’
and multiple biomaterials can be mixed based on the sensitivity. Thus, to secure the required number of
mechanical properties and requirements . Selection cells, a bioprinting technique requiring lesser time to
[94]
246 International Journal of Bioprinting (2022)–Volume 8, Issue 4