Page 227 - IJB-9-2

International Journal of Bioprinting

REVIEW ARTICLE
Three-dimensional printing as a cutting-edge,

versatile and personalizable vascular stent
manufacturing procedure: Toward tailor-made

medical devices

Fatima Garcia-Villen 1,2,3 *, Fernando López-Zárraga , Cesar Viseras ,
4
5,6
Sandra Ruiz-Alonso 1,2,3 , Fouad Al-Hakim 1,2,3 , Irene Diez-Aldama ,
1
Laura Saenz-del-Burgo 1,2,3 , Denis Scaini *, Jose Luis Pedraz 1,2,3
7
1 NanoBioCel Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006,
Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
2 Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
3
Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
4 Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Álava University Hospital, Integrated Health
Organization of Álava (Osakidetza), Spain
5 Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of
Granada (UGR), Campus of Cartuja, 18071 s/n, Granada, Spain
6 Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, CSIC-University of Granada, Avda. de Las Palmeras
4, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
7 Joint Research Laboratory (JRL). School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/
EHU), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
*Corresponding authors:
Fatima Garcia-Villen (This article belongs to the Special Issue: 3D Tissue Engineering and Bioprinting for Emerging Applications)
(fatima.garciav@ehu.eus)
Denis Scaini
(deniscaini@ehu.eus) Abstract
Citation: Garcia-Villen F, López- Vascular stents (VS) have revolutionized the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, as
Zárraga F, Viseras C, et al., 2023,
Three-dimensional printing as evidenced by the fact that the implantation of VS in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients
a cutting-edge, versatile and has become a routine, easily approachable surgical intervention for the treatment of
personalizable vascular stent stenosed blood vessels. Despite the evolution of VS throughout the years, more efficient
manufacturing procedure: Toward
tailor-made medical devices. Int J approaches are still required to address the medical and scientific challenges, especially
Bioprint, 9(2): 664. when it comes to peripheral artery disease (PAD). In this regard, three-dimensional
https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i2.664
(3D) printing is envisaged as a promising alternative to upgrade VS by optimizing the
Received: August 09, 2022 shape, dimensions and stent backbone (crucial for optimal mechanical properties),
Accepted: October 11, 2022 making them customizable for each patient and each stenosed lesion. Moreover, the
Published Online: January 9, 2023
combination of 3D printing with other methods could also upgrade the final device. This
Copyright: © 2023 Author(s). review focuses on the most recent studies using 3D printing techniques to produce VS,
This is an Open Access article
distributed under the terms of the both by itself and in combination with other techniques. The final aim is to provide an
Creative Commons Attribution overview of the possibilities and limitations of 3D printing in the manufacturing of VS.
License, permitting distribution Furthermore, the current situation of CAD and PAD pathologies is also addressed, thus
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is highlighting the main weaknesses of the already existing VS and identifying research
properly cited. gaps, possible market niches and future directions.
Publisher’s Note: Whioce
Publishing remains neutral with Keywords: Stent; Three-dimensional printing; Endovascular prosthesis; Atheroscle-
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional rosis; Peripheral artery disease; Coronary artery disease
affiliations.

Volume 9 Issue 2 (2023) 219 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i2.664