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International Journal of Bioprinting Printed organoids for medicine

Figure 4. Bioprinting strategies for engineering functional and disease-specific organoids. (A) Design and construction of three-dimensional (3D)-
printed hyaluronic acid methacrylate/pancreatic extracellular matrix islet organoids. (B) Scale bar = 2 mm, (C) Scale bar = 2 mm, (D) Scale bar = 300 μm,
(E) Scale bar = 50 μm, (G) Scale bar = 50 μm. 4A: (B) Scale bar = 2 mm, (C) Scale bar = 2 mm, (D) Scale bar = 300 μm, (E) Scale bar = 50 μm, (G) Scale
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bar = 50 μm. Adapted with permission from Wang et al. Copyright© Elsevier 2023. (B) Low-cost and computer numerical control-driven 3D bioprinting
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for mammary epithelial organoid, including “sphere-like,” “duct-like,” and “star-like” cells. Scale bar = 200 µm. Adapted with permission from Reid et al.
Copyright© BMC 2018. (C) The embedded bioprinted breast tumor organoids in low-concentration collagen-based bioink recapitulated in vivo tumor
morphology. Scale bar = 200 µm. Adapted with permission from Shi et al. Copyright© Wiley 2022.
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Volume 11 Issue 4 (2025) 76 doi: 10.36922/IJB025190184