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International Journal of

                                                                          Population Studies





                                        PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE
                                        Age-friendly cities and lifelong learning



                                        Brian Findsen*
                                        University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
                                        (This article belongs to Special Issue: Active Aging and Educational Gerontology)




                                        Abstract

                                        This article investigates the modern phenomenon of age friendliness, more particularly
                                        the notion of an “age-friendly city,” from both a macro perspective as well as at the level of a
                                        localized application of age friendliness in a single city. Much of the rhetoric of age-friendly
                                        conceptualization has strong affinity to the themes of lifelong learning, and proponents
                                        of each sector can benefit from mutually understanding the respective principles and
                                        implementation strategies of the other. Allied concepts of aging (“growing older”) and
                                        active aging are discussed before discussion of the main discourses of lifelong learning.
                                        A case study of an age-friendly city in New Zealand is presented wherein achievements and
                                        challenges are discussed; an argument is presented that as “close cousins,” actors within
                                        these two domains can enhance the application of their humanistic principles by closer
                                        alignment of policy and practices. Further, challenges ahead for implementation of age
                                        friendliness are discussed, some of which are shared by the lifelong learning movement.


                                        Keywords: Lifelong learning; Age friendly cities; Aging in place; Later life learning; Active
                                        aging


            *Corresponding author:
            Brian Findsen               1. Introduction
            (brianfindsen@gmail.com)
            Citation: Findsen, B. (2024). Age-  The main objective of this paper is to investigate the modern phenomenon of age friendliness
            friendly cities and lifelong learning.   from both a macro perspective as well as at the level of a localized application of the age-
            International Journal of Population   friendly city approach in which the author is engaged. Much of the rhetoric of age-friendly
            Studies, 10(2):18-26.
            https://doi.org/10.36922/ijps.380   conceptualization is profoundly linked to the themes of lifelong learning, and proponents
                                        of each sector can benefit from mutually understanding the respective principles and
            Received: September 30, 2022
                                        implementation strategies of the other. A case study of an age-friendly city in New Zealand
            Accepted: February 2, 2024  is presented wherein achievements and challenges are discussed. An argument is presented
            Published Online: March 13, 2024  that as “close cousins,” actors within these two domains can enhance the application of their
                                        humanistic principles through closer alignment of policy and practices. Further, this paper
            Copyright: © 2024 Author(s).
            This is an Open-Access article   also discusses the challenges that lay ahead for the implementation of age friendliness,
            distributed under the terms of the   some of which are shared by the lifelong learning movement.
            Creative Commons Attribution
            License, permitting distribution,   1.1. Origins of the age-friendly movement
            and reproduction in any medium,
            provided the original work is   The exact origins of the movement for age-friendly cities, universities, and communities
            properly cited.             are imprecise but ostensibly the leadership of the World Health Organization (WHO),
            Publisher’s Note: AccScience   and its support for then emergent initiatives to enhance older persons’ well-being was
            Publishing remains neutral with   a prominent factor. According to Buffel et al. (2022), in response to dominant forces of
            regard to jurisdictional claims in
            published maps and institutional   increasing urbanization, the First World Assembly on Aging held in Vienna in 1982 and
            affiliations.               subsequent major global milestones such as the 1986 WHO Ottawa Charter for Health

            Volume 10 Issue 2 (2024)                        18                         https://doi.org/10.36922/ijps.380
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