Page 47 - IJPS-11-2

International Journal of
Population Studies Satellite data analysis of South Africa population grid

Appendices

Appendix A1. First‑order trend surface of the population (in
logarithmic format)
Logarithmic 2000 2020
a −7.036*** −5.246***
x 0.253*** 0.219***
y −0.079*** −0.053***
Adj R² 0.059 0.045
F-stat 2833*** 2104***
Notes: *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.005. Source: Authors’ estimates using
R-studio.

Appendix A2. Second‑order trend surface of the
population (in logarithmic format)

Logarithmic 2000 2020
A −49.95*** −64.341***
X 2.072*** 2.493***
Y −1.334*** −1.997***
(x^2) −0.014*** −0.016***
(y^2) −0.004* −0.011***
(y * x) 0.036*** 0.048***
Adj R² 0.067 0.056
F-stat 1291*** 1056***
Notes: *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.005. Source: Authors’ analysis using
EViews.

Appendix A3. Akaike information criterion test for the
selected years, first and second order
AIC 2000 2020
First order 455,639 455,265
Second order 454,905 454,253
Source: Authors’ analysis using R-studio.

Appendix A4. Akaike information criterion test for the
selected years, second and third order

AIC 2000 2020
Second order 454,905 454,253
Third order 449,574 448,279
Source: Authors’ analysis using R-studio.

Volume 11 Issue 2 (2025) 41 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijps.3297