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International Journal of
Population Studies Fertility desire of married women

parental leave policies. Understanding fertility motivations https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-10-19
is crucial for designing effective interventions. These Adilo, T.M., & Wordofa, H.M. (2017). Prevalence of fertility
insights contribute to discussions on demographic change desire and its associated factors among 15- to 49-year-old
and reproductive behavior. Addressing both high and low people living with HIV/AIDS in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia:
fertility challenges through evidence-based, culturally A cross-sectional study design. HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.),
sensitive strategies can promote sustainable population 9:167-176.
dynamics and economic stability. https://doi.org/10.2147/HIV.S133766
Acknowledgments African Union. (2006). Latest Documents. African Union.
Available from: https://au.int/en/documents/20061230/
We appreciate the Inner City Fund and other partners maputo-plan-action [Last accessed on 2025 Jan 23].
involved in the DHS programs of respective countries. Ahinkorah, B.O., Seidu, A.A., Armah-Ansah, E.K., Ameyaw, E.K.,

Funding Budu, E., & Yaya, S. (2021). Socio-economic and
demographic factors associated with fertility preferences
None. among women of reproductive age in Ghana: Evidence
from the 2014 demographic and health survey. Reproductive
Conflict of interest Health, 18(1):2.
The authors declare no competing interests. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-01057-9
Ahinkorah, B.O., Seidu, A.A., Armah-Ansah, E.K., Budu, E.,
Author contributions Ameyaw, E.K., Agbaglo, E., Yaya, S., et al. (2020). Drivers
Conceptualization: Robert Zulu, Million Phiri of desire for more children among childbearing women in
sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for fertility control. BMC
Investigation: Robert Zulu, Emmanuel Musonda Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1):778.
Methodology: Robert Zulu, Nebechukwu Henry Ugwu
Writing-original draft: Robert Zulu, Million Phiri, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03470-1
Emmanuel Musonda Atake, E.H., & Gnakou Ali, P. (2019). Women’s empowerment
Writing-review & editing: All authors and fertility preferences in high fertility countries in Sub-
Saharan Africa. BMC Women’s Health, 19(1):54.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-019-0747-9
“Since the data for this analysis were obtained from Babalola, S., Oyenubi, O., Speizer, I.S., Cobb, L., Akiode, A., &
publicly available secondary sources, there was no need for Odeku, M. (2017). Factors affecting the achievement of
approval from an ethics committee. However, all required fertility intentions in urban Nigeria: Analysis of longitudinal
procedures and guidelines were observed to access the DHS data. BMC Public Health, 17(1):942.
datasets through the DHS program. The DHS protocols https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4934-z
ensured that ethical standards were met before data
collection in Zambia. For participants over the age of 18, Bolarinwa, O.A., Afaya, A., Ajayi, K.V., Ojo, A., & Alawode, O.A.
(2022). Prevalence and factors associated with the use
consent was obtained during the survey process, whereas of long-acting reversible and permanent contraceptive
parents or guardians provided consent for participants methods among women who desire no more children in
aged 15 to 17, who also gave their own consent as minors. high fertility countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public
Health, 22(1):2141.
Consent for publication
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14575-x
Not applicable.
Bongaarts, J. (1993). The supply-demand framework for the
Availability of data determinants of fertility: An alternative implementation.
Population Studies, 47(3):437-456.
The data utilized in this study can be accessed publicly Bongaarts, J. (2009). Human population growth and the
through the IPUMS DHS or DHS Program websites: demographic transition. Philosophical Transactions of the
https://www.idhsdata.org/idhs/, https://dhsprogram.com/. Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364(1532):2985-2990.
References https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0137
Adhikari, R. (2010). Demographic, socio-economic, and cultural Bongaarts, J. (2016). Development: Slow down population
factors affecting fertility differentials in Nepal. BMC growth. Nature, 530(7591):409-412.
Pregnancy and Childbirth, 10(1):19. https://doi.org/10.1038/530409a

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