Page 25 - IMO-2-3

Innovative Medicines & Omics Progress in antivenom therapy

blockers represent an entirely different pharmacological Consent for publication
class of antivenom, one that holds promise as an orally
available, broad-spectrum, and potentially pre-hospital Not applicable.
therapy—especially critical in settings where immediate Availability of data
access to healthcare is not possible. Moreover, the parallel
development of novel diagnostic tools and supportive care The availability of data utilized in this communication is
protocols aims to improve early detection and targeted grounded in the use of open-source information and data.
intervention, ultimately enhancing patient survival Open-source data refers to information that is publicly
and reducing complications, such as limb necrosis and accessible and can be freely used, modified, and shared by
coagulopathy. anyone. This approach ensures transparency, reproducibility,
and verifiability of the information presented. By relying
Ongoing and emerging clinical trials serve as the on publicly available sources, the communication adheres
necessary scientific bedrock for translating these to principles of openness and accountability, enabling
experimental therapies into clinical practice. These trials stakeholders to independently evaluate the data and its
are crucial not only for assessing safety and efficacy but also interpretations. Furthermore, the use of open-source data
for informing treatment guidelines, facilitating regulatory enhances the credibility of the communication, as it allows
approvals, and guiding future research investments. As for a broader range of scrutiny and validation by the academic
the global health community continues to prioritize and professional community. In this context, all referenced
the elimination of preventable deaths and disabilities data were obtained from reputable and publicly accessible
caused by snakebite, the importance of evidence-based, platforms, ensuring that the findings and assertions made
scalable, and context-appropriate interventions cannot be are based on verifiable and legally accessible information.
overstated.

Ultimately, to reduce the global burden of snakebite References
envenomation, sustained and coordinated action is 1. World Health Organization. Snakebite Envenoming:
required. This entails increased public and private A Strategy for Prevention and Control. Switzerland: World
investment in research and development, capacity- Health Organization; 2019.
building for regional manufacturing, and international 2. Kasturiratne A, Wickremasinghe AR, De Silva N, et al.
collaboration to harmonize regulatory standards and The global burden of snakebite: A literature analysis and
ensure equitable access to antivenom products. Public modelling based on regional estimates of envenoming and
health campaigns aimed at education, prevention, and deaths. PLoS Med. 2008;5(11):e218.
community engagement must also be integrated into doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050218
broader health systems strengthening initiatives. Only 3. Gutiérrez JM, Calvete JJ, Habib AG, Harrison RA,
through a comprehensive and sustained global response Williams DJ, Warrell DA. Snakebite envenoming. Nat Rev
can we hope to overcome the challenges posed by snakebite Dis Primers. 2017;3(1):17063.
envenomation and honor the scientific legacy that began doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.63
over a century ago with the goal of saving lives.
4. World Health Organization. Snakebite Envenoming:
Acknowledgments A Strategy for Prevention and Control. World Health
Organization; 2019. https://www.who.int/publications/i/
None.
item/9789241515641 [Last accessed 2025 Aug 12].
Funding 5. Institut Pasteur. Annales de l’Institut Pasteur. Institut
Pasteur; 1891. Available from: https://archive.org/details/
None. annalesdelinstit03inst [Last accessed 2025 Aug 12].
Conflict of interest 6. Calmette A. Calmette contribution à l’étude du venin
des serpents. Inmunisation des animaux et traitement de
The author declares no conflicts of interest. l’envenimation. Bull L’institut Pasteur. 1894;8:275-291.

Author contributions 7. Brazil V. La Défense Contre L’ophidisme. 2 ed. São Paulo,
nd
Brazil: Pocai-Weiss; 1901.
This is a single-authored article.
8. Instituto Butantan. Memórias do Instituto Butantan. Instituto
Ethics approval and consent to participate Butantan; 1901. Available from: https://bibliotecadigital.
butantan.gov.br/index.php/colecao/memorias-do-instituto-
Not applicable. butantan [Last accessed 2025 Aug 12].

Volume 2 Issue 3 (2025) 19 doi: 10.36922/IMO025240026