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INNOSC Theranostics

and Pharmacological Sciences

MINI-REVIEW
Innovative approaches and challenges in

antibody-based therapeutics for Alzheimer’s
disease

1,2
Tolulope Judah Gbayisomore * , Kingsley Afoke Iteire 2 , Inibehe Ime Okon 3 ,
Isunu Lucky Efe 4 , Okikiola Oyindamola Falua 5 ,
Waliullahi Odebode Opeyemi 1 , Alex Sorlelodum Gideon 6 ,
Rufus Oluwagbemileke Ajayi 7 , and Abdul-Hanan Saani Inusah 8
1 Data Intelligence and Scientific Innovation Unit, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City,
Edo State, Nigeria
2 Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo
City, Ondo State, Nigeria
3 Department of Research, Medical Research Circle (MedReC), Bukavu, South Kivu, Democratic
Republic of the Congo
4 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo
State, Nigeria
5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic medical sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-
Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
6 Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
7 Department of Public Health, University of Illinois Springfield, Illinois, United states of America
8 Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana

Abstract
*Corresponding author:
Tolulope Gbayisomore Judah
(tolulopegbayisomore@gmail.com) Neurological conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and tau-related pathologies,
represent a substantial worldwide health dilemma. This review explores recent
Citation: Gbayisomore TJ, advancements and challenges in single-domain antibody (VHH)-based strategies
Iteire KA, Okon II, et al. Innovative
approaches and challenges in targeting beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) inhibition and tau-related therapeutics. The
antibody-based therapeutics for methodology adopted in this study involved a comprehensive search of databases (e.g.,
Alzheimer’s disease. INNOSC Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar), with recent articles cited to provide an up-to-date
Theranostics and Pharmacological
Sciences. 2024;7(3):2953. overview. The research examines the limitations of current AD treatments, emphasizing
doi: 10.36922/itps.2953 the need for innovative techniques. We, further, discuss potential gene transfer methods
Received: February 16, 2024 using adeno-associated virus-based vectors for central nervous system delivery of single-
domain immunoglobins/antibodies (VHHs) to inhibit BACE1. In addition, insights into
Accepted: March 28, 2024 anti-tau therapeutics, including passive immunization and active vaccines, offer novel
Published Online: April 30, 2024 insights into research. These findings hold implications for the redesign of therapies for
Copyright: © 2024 Author(s). neurodegenerative disorders and the advancement of clinical understanding.
This is an Open-Access article
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution Keywords: Neurological condition; Single-domain antibodies; BACE1 inhibition;
License, permitting distribution, Tau-related therapeutics
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is
properly cited.
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
Publishing remains neutral with 1. Introduction
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and tau-related
affiliations pathologies, present a growing global health issue. AD predominantly afflicts the
Volume 7 Issue 3 (2024) 1 doi: 10.36922/itps.2953