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INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Medicinal plants: Natural diabetes remedies

enhancing insulin sensitivity to a degree similar to that doi: 10.1038/s41581-020-0278-y
of the conventional drug glibenclamide. Interestingly, 2. Poznyak A, Grechko AV, Poggio P, Myasoedova VA,
75
hydroxycinnamic acid, a derivative of cinnamic acid, has Alfieri V, Orekhov AN. The diabetes mellitus-atherosclerosis
been demonstrated to inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase connection: The role of lipid and glucose metabolism and
1B, a major negative regulator of the insulin signaling chronic inflammation. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(5):1835.
pathway. Therefore, cinnamic acid appears to possess anti- doi: 10.3390/ijms21051835
diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and anti-obesity properties. 76
3. Furman BL, Candasamy M, Bhattamisra SK, Veettil SK.
Gallic acid may have anti-diabetic effects, as suggested Reduction of blood glucose by plant extracts and their
by research on its effects on adipocyte differentiation and use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus; discrepancies
adiponectin secretion. It has been shown to increase the in effectiveness between animal and human studies.
77
expression of PPAR-γ target proteins and fatty acid binding J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;247:112264.
protein-4, both associated with adipocyte differentiation. In doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112264
addition, it exhibits antioxidant effects that may be beneficial
in reducing oxidative stress and depressive symptoms. 4. Dilworth L, Facey A, Omoruyi F. Diabetes mellitus and its
metabolic complications: The role of adipose tissues. Int J
7. Conclusion and future perspectives Mol Sci. 2021;22(14):7644.
doi: 10.3390/ijms22147644
The increasing prevalence of diabetes highlights the urgent
need for efficient treatment. Medicinal plants have been 5. Tkinson MA, Campbell-Thompson M, Kusmartseva I,
proposed as potential therapeutic agents for various types Kaestner KH. Organisation of the human pancreas in health
of diabetes, supported by both conceptual and empirical and in diabetes. Diabetologia. 2020;63:1966-1973.
data. Clinical investigations have validated the use of doi: 10.1007/s00125-020-05203-4
phytochemicals derived from naturally occurring plants in 6. Richardson A, Park WG. Acute pancreatitis and diabetes
the treatment of diabetes. This review summarizes certain mellitus: A review. Korean J Intern Med. 2021;36(1):15-24.
medicinal plants with known anti-diabetic properties, doi: 10.3904/kjim.2020.020
proposing that further research is desperately needed
to explore additional natural plants with potential anti- 7. Chen J, Ning C, Mu J, Li D, Ma Y, Meng X. Role of Wnt
diabetic properties and to identify new avenues for future signaling pathways in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Cell
research. Biochem. 2021;476:2219-2232.
doi: 10.1007/s11010-021-04090-2
Acknowledgments
8. World Health Organization. Classification of Diabetes
None. Mellitus; 2019. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/
handle/10665/325182 [Last accessed on 2024 Jul 09].
Funding
9. Latha S, Kumar R. The facts about diabetes mellitus-a review.
None. Galore Int J Health Sci Res. 2019;4:2456-9321.

Conflict of interest 10. Alamgir AN. Biotechnology, in vitro production of natural
bioactive compounds, herbal preparation, and disease
The authors declare that they have no competing interests. management (treatment and prevention). In: Therapeutic
Use of Medicinal Plants and their Extracts. Vol. 2. Germany:
Ethics approval and consent to participate Springer; 2018. p. 585-664.
Not applicable. 11. Bacanli M, Dilsiz SA, Başaran N, Başaran AA. Effects
of phytochemicals against diabetes. Adv Food Nutr Res.
Consent for publication 2019;89:209-238.
Not applicable. doi: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.03.004
12. Bellary S, Kyrou I, Brown JE, Bailey CJ. Type 2 diabetes
Availability of data mellitus in older adults: Clinical considerations and
Not applicable. management. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021;17(9):534-548.
doi: 10.1038/s41574-021-00497-9
References
13. Szmuilowicz ED, Josefson JL, Metzger BE. Gestational
1. Cole JB, Florez JC. Genetics of diabetes mellitus and diabetes diabetes mellitus. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am.
complications. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020;16(7):377-390. 2019;48(3):479-493.

Volume 7 Issue 3 (2024) 9 doi: 10.36922/itps.1885