Page 40 - JCAU-6-1

Journal of Chinese
Architecture and Urbanism Perception of pedestrian environment

Table 2. The ordered logistic regression analysis between factors and perception
Environmental factors that impact perception β Significance level Odds ratio Category
Residents’ perception Constant term
Y1 = “1” 0.530 0.580 - -
Y1 = “2” 1.649 0.045 - -
Y1 = “3” 4.759 0.000 - -
Y1 = “4” 8.500 0.000 - -
Environmental factors Enough light 0.371 0.035 1.449 Safety
Comfort level 0.690 0.040 1.994 Comfort
Commercial attractiveness -0.820 0.026 0.440 Esthetics
Building maintenance 0.854 0.015 2.349 Esthetics
Heritage buildings 0.527 0.034 1.694 Esthetics
Tourists’ perception Constant term
Y2 = “3” 1.579 0.009 - -
Y2 = “4” 5.231 0.000 - -
Environmental factors Cleanliness 0.503 0.048 1.654 Comfort
Indicator system 0.331 0.047 1.392 Comfort
Building facades -0.632 0.009 0.532 Esthetics
Walking pleasure 0.450 0.038 1.568 Pleasure
Notes: Y1 is the perception of residents, Y2 is the perception of tourists, and both Y1 and Y2 are assigned the values 1, 2, 3, and 4, which represent
dissatisfied, relatively dissatisfied, neutral, and relatively satisfied with the environment, respectively

instance, it is necessary to improve the cleanliness of roads,
especially in restaurant areas. In addition, the building
facades along the streets should be planned and designed
uniformly and esthetically, considering factors such as
business distribution, building colors, building quality, and
decoration style. Moreover, the confusing signage system
should be addressed, and a clearer system of directions
more appropriate for a heritage city should be established
Figure 6. Average scores for environmental factors. Source: Graph by the in Gulangyu. Finally, enhancing the tourist experience
authors
can be achieved by improving and increasing the number
lighting would provide greater security when walking at of leisure and social spaces, such as squares, parks, and
night. Heritage buildings are also attractive to residents on beaches. These spaces can contribute to enhancing the
foot; better maintenance would enhance their perception overall pleasure of tourism.
of leisure walks. Finally, the negative correlation between
commercial attractiveness and perception of walking 5. Discussion
suggests that commerce reduces residents’ satisfaction This study established a relationship between environmental
with the environment. This outcome could be due to the factors and the psychological perception of the respondents,
commercial environment of Gulangyu being primarily aligning with previous research conclusions (Arellana
targeted at tourists, with a limited number and lack of et al., 2020). Environmental factors were found to enhance
diversity of businesses for residents. the walking experience of both residents and tourists. An
Tourists have different priorities from residents when it improved sense of walking experience implies a heightened
comes to experiencing the environment. Tourists tend to recognition of the environment, potentially promoting
focus more on factors such as the cleanliness of the roads, healthier moods, walking behaviors, and social activities.
the esthetics of building façades along the streets, having The findings of this study are consistent with those of other
a good road signage system, and the pleasure of walking. studies indicating differences in ratings of the walking
Therefore, to make Gulangyu a more attractive destination environment and environmental factors between residents
for tourists, attention must be paid to these aspects. For and tourists (Coldwell, 2017). While both groups generally

Volume 6 Issue 1 (2024) 8 https://doi.org/10.36922/jcau.1879