Page 43 - JCBP-1-2

Journal of Clinical and
Basic Psychosomatics Thyroid hormones and psychiatric disorders

Subsequent post hoc analysis revealed that individuals rho = 0.258, P = 0.019). In other words, as age increased,
with depressive disorders had significantly lower TT3 T3 values decreased while T4 values increased.
values than those with psychotic disorders, bipolar There were no significant differences in thyroid hormone
disorders, or the control group. Nevertheless, there was no parameters between male and female participants.
significant difference in TT3 values among patients with
psychotic disorders, bipolar disorders, and the control When comparing participants who had attempted
group. In addition, the differences in TT4 and TSH values suicide with those who had not, it was found that the values
did not exhibit significant variations between the analyzed of TT3 were significantly lower in those who had attempted
groups (Table 2). suicide compared to those who had not (Mann–Whitney

In the group of patients with depressive disorder, a U = 226,500, P = 0.034) (Table 3).
higher proportion of patients had values of TT3 outside the No statistically significant differences were observed
reference range compared to those with values of TT4 and in the use of antidepressants (Chi-square = 3.208, df = 1,
TSH outside the reference range (Chi-squared = 8.26; df = 2; P = 0.073), stabilizers (Chi-square = 0.031, df = 1,
P = 0.016). Conversely, there was no significant difference P = 0.861), and antipsychotics (Chi-square = 1.140, df = 1,
in the proportion of participants with values outside of the P = 0.286) as shown in Table 4. However, a significant
reference range for TT3, TT4, and TSH in patients with the difference was found in the use of anxiolytics and hypnotics
psychotic disorder (Chi-squared = 1.95; df = 2; P = 0.376) (Chi-square = 4.097, df = 1, P = 0.043). Specifically, those
or bipolar disorder (Chi-squared = 1.49; df = 2; P = 0.473). who had not attempted suicide used significantly more
Older patients exhibited significantly lower T3 anxiolytics and hypnotics compared to those who had
hormone values (Spearman’s rho = −0.201, P = 0.033) attempted suicide. It is important to note that the sample
and significantly higher T4 hormone values (Spearman’s had a very small number of attempted suicides (only 8).
Statistically significant differences were observed only
Table 1. The proportion of patients with different psychiatric for antidepressants, specifically in TSH hormone values
diagnoses in the sample (Mann–Whitney U = 1300,000, P = 0.035). Patients who
take antidepressants have significantly lower TSH hormone
Psychiatric conditions (N=118) Frequency (n) Percent values compared to those who do not take antidepressants.
Psychotic disorder 35 29.9 Among patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders, there
Depressive disorder 24 20.5 is a significantly lower percentage of overweight patients
Bipolar affective disorder 12 10.3 compared to patients with other psychiatric diagnoses
2
Personality disorder 8 6.8 (18.8% vs. 32.9%, χ = 7.646, P = 0.006) as shown in Table 5.
Schizoaffective disorder 8 6.8 Among patients taking antipsychotics, there is a
Reactive states 8 6.8 significantly higher percentage of overweight individuals
Anxious disorder 8 6.8 compared to patients not taking antipsychotics (63.3% vs.
2
Addiction 4 3.4 30.8%, χ = 4.988, P = 0.026). No statistically significant
Delusive disorder 4 3.4 differences were observed for other psychiatric drugs in
Somatoform disorder 3 2.5 relation to overweight. Regarding obesity, a statistically
Dementias 2 1.7 significant difference was found between patients taking
anxiolytics and those who do not take them. Specifically,
Organic affective disorder 2 1.7 among patients taking anxiolytics, a significantly higher
Suicide attempt 8 6.8 proportion was obese compared to those who did not take

Table 2. Comparison of thyroid parameter values between different diagnostic groups (psychotic disorder, depressive disorder,
and bipolar affective disorder)
Hormones Participants with Participants with Participants with Control group χ 2 P‑value
psychotic disorder depressive disorder bipolar disorder (n=20) (mean [SD]) (Kruskal‑Wallis test)
(n=35) (mean [SD]) (n=24) (mean [SD]) (n=12) (mean [SD])
TT3 1.57 (0.35) 1.33 (0.33) 1.46 (0.27) 1.71 (0.28) 16.693 0.001*
TT4 112.18 (29.67) 102.97 (24.67) 107.82 (42.43) 106.45 (18.70) 1.508 0.680
TSH 2.06 (1.28) 1.64 (1.14) 1.51 (0.92) 1.80 (0.75) 2.737 0.434
Notes: *Statistically significant at P≤0.05. The reference ranges were: TT3 (1.34 – 2.73 nmol/L), TT4 (78.38 – 157.40 nmol/L), and TSH (0.38–5.33 mIU/L).

Volume 1 Issue 2 (2023) 4 https://doi.org/10.36922/jcbp.1130