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Dinaki et al. | Journal of Clinical and Translational Research 2024; 10(2): 99-111 101
Table 2. Animal model studies on MSCs in hearing loss
Study Cell type Method Model Results
Pandit et al., 2011 [20] Human OSCs Injection of OSCs into the Mice The hearing thresholds were substantially
cochlea through lateral lower in the experimental group as compared
cochleostomy to the control group. There was no integration
of transplanted cells into cochlear tissues.
Choi et al., 2012 [21] Human BM-MSCs Intravenous injection of Rats Most of the injected MSCs were located in the
MSCs lungs and a small number were in the spiral
ganglion region.
Kasagi et al., 2013 [22] Mouse MSCs Infusion of MSCs into the Mice MSCs moved to the cochlea and differentiated
ampulla of SCC into fibrocytes. The auditory brainstem
response (ABR) did not alter in the
experimental group compared to the control
group.
Bas et al., 2014 [23] Human olfactory MSC-like Applied MSCs to cochlear Rats The spiral ganglion neuron population was
stem cells cultures restored.
Jang et al., 2015 [11] Human bone marrow hMSCs were transplanted Guinea pigs Transplanted hMSCs were found within the
neural-induced MSCs into the scala tympani of perilymphatic space, the organ of Corti, along
damaged cochlea the cochlear nerve fibers, and in the spiral
ganglion. The quantity of SGNs was elevated
in comparison to the control group.
Yoo et al., 2015 [24] Human adipose Intraperitoneal injection of Mouse model There were improvements in hearing function
tissue-derived MSCs hMSCs of autoimmune in the intervention group as compared to the
hearing loss control group.
Xu et al., 2016 [25] Rat olfactory epithelium Stem cells were injected Rats There was migration of stem cells around
neural stem cells straight into the cochlea the SGNs, and hearing loss improved as
determined by ABR.
Le et al., 2017 [26] Magnetically labeled rat MSCs were injected into the Rats The presence of MSCs in the cochlea was
MSCs systemic circulation identified, and the experimental group had a
significant increase in hearing threshold levels.
Chen et al., 2018 [27] Human urinary cells OEPs were produced from Mice A healthy donor’s urine cells were converted
reprogrammed into iPSCs iPSCs and transplanted into into iPSCs. These were stimulated to develop
the cochlea of mice into OEPs and hair cell-like cells. Co-cultured
hair cell-like cells generated from OEP
developed synaptic connections with SGNs in
vitro. OEPs were produced from iPSCs and
transplanted into the cochlea of mice. Some
transplanted cells moved in the organ of Corti
to the site of resident hair cells, developed into
hair cell-like cells, and established synaptic
connections in vivo with the native SGNs.
Betini et al., 2018 [28] Human BM-MSCs ASCs MSCs were intravenously Mice Both types of MSCs induced the regeneration
injected into deafened mice of damaged sensory cochlear cells.
Mittal et al., 2019 [29] Rat BM- MSCs Transtympanic delivery of Rats There were ABR and DPOAE, and the
BM MSCs cochlear function of the treated animals
normalized as compared to the control groups.
No inflammatory reactions were detected.
Abd El Raouf et al., 2019[30] Harderian gland-derived Intravenous injection of Guinea pigs In the HG-SC-treated group, both cochlear
stem cells (HG-SCs) HG-SCs structure and functions were restored, along
with a considerable increase in hair cell
numbers, spiral ganglionic cell count, and stria
vascularis thickness to levels comparable to
those of the control group.
Radeloff et al., 2021 [31] ASCs ASCs were autologously Guinea pigs ASC transplantation enhanced the number
transplanted into the scala of SGNs as well as their peripheral neurites.
tympani before the insertion Mean ABR thresholds were lower, and
of a cochlear implant on suprathreshold amplitudes were greater in
one side ASC-transplanted mice, indicating a bigger
population of auditory nerve fibers.
Abbreviations: ABR: Auditory brainstem response; ASC: Adipose tissue-derived stem cell; BM-MSC: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; DPOAE: Distortion product otoacoustic emissions;
HG-SCs: Harderian gland-derived stem cells; hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells; iPSCs: induced pluripotent stem cells; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell; OEPs: Otic epithelial progenitors;
OSC: Olfactory stem cell; SCC: Superior semicircular canal; SGNs: Spiral ganglion neurons.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36922/jctr.22.00151