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Journal of Clinical and
            Translational Research                                                        Physical exercise on COPD



            5. Conclusion                                      Consent for publication

            Although studies showed that physical exercise is effective   Not applicable.
            in improving the functional capacity of patients with COPD,
            the results were influenced by several factors, including the   Availability of data
            type of exercise, the intensity of the program, the duration   Not applicable.
            of the training, and patient adherence. Improvements
            were more evident in the short and medium terms, with   References
            stagnation observed in the long term in some cases. This   1.   Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
            suggests the need for more sustainable exercise programs   (GOLD). Global Strategy for the Prevention, Diagnosis and
            that combine aerobic and resistance exercises, tailored   Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
            to the individual needs of each patient and supported   Fontana: GOLD; 2024. Available from: https://goldcopd.org
            by continuous follow-up to ensure adherence and       [Last accessed on 2025 Apr 19].
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            individualized approaches, along with greater attention to   Pulmonary rehabilitation following exacerbations of chronic
            the psychosocial aspects influencing adherence, is essential   obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
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              The findings suggest that incorporating exercise   3.   Garrod R, Bestall JC, Paul EA, Wedzicha JA, Jones PW. The
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                                                               5.   Molfino A, Vianello A, Araujo F, Laviano A, Rossi Fanelli F,
            Acknowledgments                                       Muscaritoli M. Skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD. Int J
                                                                  Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019;14:65-73.
            None.                                                 doi: 10.2147/COPD.S186054

            Funding                                            6.   Watz H, Pitta F, Lanza FC, et al. Physical activity in patients
                                                                  with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J.
            None.                                                 2021;58(1):2000377.

            Conflict of interest                                  doi: 10.1183/13993003.00377-2020
                                                               7.   Danish H, Eagan TM, Skjæret N, et al. Exercise rehabilitation
            The authors declare no conflicts of interest.         and functional capacity in COPD patients.  Thorax.
            Author contributions                                  2022;77(3):229-238.
                                                                  doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217065
            Conceptualization: André Luiz Lisboa Cordeiro, Lailla de
               Matos Leão, Vitória Kailane, Maciel de  Figueiredo   8.   McNamara RJ, Hohnecker H, McDonald L, Alison JA,
               Jesus                                              Holland AE. The role of exercise training in chronic
                                                                  obstructive pulmonary disease  management.  J  Am Coll
            Visualization: André Luiz Lisboa Cordeiro, Lailla de Matos   Cardiol. 2021;77(8):1022-1032.
               Leão, Vitória Kailane Maciel de, Figueiredo Jesus
            Writing – original draft: Lailla de Matos Leão, Vitória      doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.12.025
               Kailane Maciel de Figueiredo Jesus              9.   Ciavaglia CE, Gosselink R, Langer D, et al. The effects of
            Writing – review & editing: André Luiz Lisboa Cordeiro  exercise training on muscle strength and function in COPD
                                                                  patients. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2020;129(5):1372-1381.
            Ethics approval and consent to participate            doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00273.2020
            Not applicable.                                    10.  Egan  C,  Hughes A, McCullough R,  et al. Effectiveness of


            Volume 11 Issue 4 (2025)                        37                            doi: 10.36922/jctr.25.00004
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