Page 50 - JCTR-11-4

Journal of Clinical and
Translational Research Female are better in otoacoustic emissions tests

Table 2. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in twins
Gender Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in twins Total
Altered otoacoustic emissions Normal otoacoustic emissions
Female 16 240 256
Male 22 230 252
Total 38 470 508
Chi square Value Log Asymptomatic Exact significance
significance (two‑sided) (two‑sided)
Pearson’s Chi-square 1.129 1 0.288
Fisher’s exact test 0.315

Figure 1. Analysis of twins
Abbreviations: Ds: Different-sex; n.s.: Not significant; OAE: Otoacoustic emission; Ss: Same-sex.
These results were unexpected in light of prior findings finding aligns with previously documented differences in
and published literature. To better understand the real response intensity and amplitude. This difference remains
effect of gender in twins, the analysis was limited to only even when other positive factors, such as breastfeeding or
twin pairs of different sexes, totaling 112 pairs. Among the method of performing the test, are excluded. 6,10,11
these pairs, 10 showed discordant OAE results. In eight Previous research investigating the auditory response of
of these pairs, the female passed the test while the male newborns found that girls had stronger EOAEs than boys.
did not, and in two pairs, the opposite occurred. All pairs This suggests that sex differences in auditory response
received the same type of feeding.
are present from birth, reinforcing the hypothesis of the
When performing a Chi-square test with Fisher’s exact impact of prenatal and hormonal factors on auditory
test, the results were statistically significant (p<0.023), function.
supporting the positive effect of the female sex on OAE
outcomes. This finding reinforces the gender effect in NHS st This superior response appears to manifest in the
performance. 1 days of life, as premature female infants showed more
robust OAEs than males, concluding that sex differences
4. Discussion in OAEs are present from early stages of development,
indicating a biological basis. 12-14 This greater response
4.1. Global study occurs in both spontaneous and EOAEs. The causes of
15
In our study of the global group, the positive effect of the this superior response in females may be attributed to
female sex on the results of TEOAE is significant. This several factors.

Volume 11 Issue 4 (2025) 44 doi: 10.36922/jctr.8416