Page 41 - TD-3-4

Tumor Discovery HIF1α treatments in renal cell carcinoma

4. Conclusion Ethics approval and consent to participate

The silent nature of RCC in its early stages makes Not applicable.
early diagnosis difficult unless it is found accidentally.
Consequently, many patients who are under treated for Consent for publication
this disease have locally advanced or metastatic disease. In Not applicable.
addition to late-stage diagnosis, the polymorphic nature
of RCC and its propensity to develop drug resistance have Availability of data
made treatment challenging. Major advances have resulted Not applicable.
from targeted therapies, beginning with sunitinib and,
more recently, combination therapies of different types of References
targeted treatments. These developments have provided 1. Bahadoram S, Davoodi M, Hassanzadeh S, Bahadoram
multiple options for first-line treatments for patients with M, Barahman M, Mafakher L. Renal cell carcinoma: An
metastatic disease. Although none of the current therapy overview of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
lines are considered curative for mRCC, these drugs are G Ital Nefrol. 2022;39:2022-vol3.
promising in terms of improving patient outcomes. With 2. Cohen HT, McGovern FJ. Renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J
the use of immunotherapies and targeted therapies such as Med. 2005;353(23):2477-2490.
HIF1-α inhibitors, VEGF inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors,
patients are living longer and enjoying a better quality of doi: 10.1056/NEJMra043172
life than ever before. 3. Motzer RJ, Bander NH, Nanus DM. Renal-cell carcinoma.
N Engl J Med. 1996;335(12):865-875.
Future research on RCC and its treatments could involve
using machine learning to detect early signs of therapy failure doi: 10.1056/NEJM199609193351207
and severe AE/toxicities, thereby personalizing treatment 4. Chen S, Wang Y, Xiong Y, et al. Wild-type IDH1 inhibits
plans to enhance patients’ quality of life during treatment. the tumor growth through degrading HIF-α in renal cell
Studies of mitochondrial DNA across all RCC types may carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci. 2021;17(5):1250-1262.
identify specific mutations linked to the diseases, leading doi: 10.7150/ijbs.54401
to new potential drug targets. This review has limitations,
including potential exclusions due to the keywords used 5. Masoud GN, Li W. HIF-1α pathway: Role, regulation
and intervention for cancer therapy. Acta Pharma Sin B.
in the initial search, which may have omitted studies with 2015;5(5):378-389.
different terminologies. Publication bias may be present
as only published studies were included in the study. In doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.05.007
addition, restricting our search to English-language studies 6. Weidemann A, Johnson RS. Biology of HIF-1alpha. Cell
likely excluded an unknown percentage of published works. Death Differ. 2008;15(4):621-627.
Focusing the review on therapies for advanced disease doi: 10.1038/cdd.2008.12
may have resulted in a lack of information on early-stage 7. Toledo RA, Jimenez C, Armaiz-Pena G, Arenillas C,
disease, which could have aided in understanding disease Capdevila J, Dahia PLM. Hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha
progression and early interventions. (HIF2α) inhibitors: Targeting genetically driven tumor

Acknowledgments hypoxia. Endocr Rev. 2023;44(2):312-322.
doi: 10.1210/endrev/bnac025
None.
8. Chittiboina P, Lonser RR. Von Hippel-lindau disease. Handb
Funding Clin Neurol. 2015;132:139-156.
None. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-62702-5.00010-X
9. Maher ER, Sandford RN. Von Hippel-lindau disease: An
Conflict of interest update. Curr Genet Med Rep. 2019;7(4):227-235.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. doi: 10.1007/s40142-019-00180-9

Author contributions 10. Medina Villaamil V, Aparicio Gallego G, Santamarina
Caínzos I, Valladares-Ayerbes M, Antón Aparicio LM.
Conceptualization: Samir Dalia Searching for Hif1-α interacting proteins in renal cell
Writing–original draft: Kinsey Morey carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol. 2012;14(9):698-708.
Writing–review & editing: All authors doi: 10.1007/s12094-012-0857-4

Volume 3 Issue 4 (2024) 6 doi: 10.36922/td.4346