Page 44 - TD-3-4

Tumor Discovery

REVIEW ARTICLE
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

agonists as an adjuvant for cancer
therapy: A review

Binita Patel 1 and S. R. Kaid Johar *
2
1 Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
2 Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, School of Sciences, Gujarat
University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Current Evidences in Cancer Chemoprevention)

Abstract
Cancer is now one of the leading diseases responsible for the highest mortality rates
worldwide. Cancer treatment is extremely intricate and is often associated with less
targeted effects and more side effects. In the last few years, two significant revolutions
in cancer treatment have altered treatment paradigms: immuno-oncology and the
pursuit of actionable changes in oncogene-driven cancers. Significant obstacles
continue to exist in both areas of cancer treatment. Next-generation sequencing
technologies for molecular prescreening in clinical research are advancing, but
their widespread clinical use is hindered by challenges related to the clinical
interpretation of large genomic data. Moreover, cancer mono-chemotherapy is
associated with issues such as inadequate efficacy, drug resistance, and systemic
toxicity. It is not possible to administer cytotoxic drugs limitlessly. Combination
*Corresponding author:
S. R. Kaid Johar therapy was developed in response to this circumstance, with the expectation of
(kaidjohar@gujaratuniversity.ac.in) achieving high therapeutic efficacy at lower dosages of medication. Peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of essential lipid sensors and
Citation: Patel B, Johar SRK.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated metabolic pathway regulators. In addition, they possess the ability to modulate
receptor agonists as an adjuvant immunity, inflammation, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation. Alongside
for cancer therapy: A review. Tumor their well-established functions, new insights into the roles of PPAR agonists in
Discov. 2024;3(4):4003.
doi: 10.36922/td.4003 cancer research are emerging. After reviewing current research, it is evident that
PPAR modulators have significant potential for managing cancer. This review aims
Received: June 21, 2024
to consolidate the functions of PPAR ligands alongside other cancer therapies. We
Accepted: September 25, 2024 provide a comprehensive perspective on the applicability of PPAR ligands in cancer
Published Online: November 5, treatment as an adjuvant.
2024
Copyright: © 2024 Author(s). Keywords: PPAR agonists; Adjuvant; Cancer; Synergism; Cancer therapy; Drug
This is an Open-Access article
distributed under the terms of the repurposing
Creative Commons Attribution
License, permitting distribution,
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is
properly cited.
1. Introduction
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
Publishing remains neutral with According to the World Health Organization, 97 million people died from cancer in
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional 2022, with an estimated 20 million new cases. The estimated number of people who
affiliations. were alive 5 years after a cancer diagnosis was 53.5 million. In their lifetime, one in five

Volume 3 Issue 4 (2024) 1 doi: 10.36922/td.4003