Page 172 - AJWEP-v22i2
P. 172

Reddy and Kumar

                flow  management,  and  enhanced  transient  stability.   Availability of data
                For  instance,  under  demanding  operating  conditions,
                the  ACO-optimized  FACTS  controllers  reduced     The data supporting the findings of this study, including
                the overshoot of  ∆ω by approximately 12.5% and     simulation  results  and  controller  parameters  used in
                shortened the settling time by over 60% compared    the IEEE 30-Bus system model, are available from the
                to conventional FACTS controllers.  With renewable   corresponding author upon reasonable request. Custom
                energy integration, the system’s response time is further   MATLAB/Simulink models and optimization methods
                enhanced,  and  stability  is  maintained  more  effectively   developed  for this research may also be shared to
                during  fluctuations.  Similarly,  during  light  operation   facilitate reproducibility and further investigation.
                scenarios,  δ overshoot decreased by 10%, showcasing
                enhanced  stability  and  faster  response.  However,  the   References
                proposed  approach  has  certain  limitations.  The  ACO
                algorithm  requires  considerable  computational  power,   1.  Hingorani NG. Flexible AC transmission system. IEEE
                                                                        Spectr. 1988;25(4):40-45.
                which may pose challenges for real-time applications. In   2.  Bian B, Ramey HJ, Nelson RM. Susceptance model of
                addition, FACTS devices involve high installation and   SVC for power flow analysis. IEEE Trans Power Syst.
                operational costs, making large-scale implementation    1997;12(1):200-206.
                subject  to  further  cost-benefit  analysis.  Despite  these   3.  Hussein NAK, Basel OM. Integrating renewable energy
                limitations,  the  model’s  effectiveness  was  validated   systems  into  urban  planning  for sustainable  cities.
                using the IEEE 30-bus test system – a widely recognized   ESTIDAMAA. 2024; 82:15-21.
                benchmark for real-world power grid simulations.        doi: 10.70470/ESTIDAMAA/2024/003
                FACTS controllers, such as STATCOM and UPFC, have   4.  Goel S, Jena B, Sharma R. A case study on optimal tilt
                been successfully deployed in large-scale wind farms and   angle and spacing for rooftop solar photovoltaic system
                                                                        at Bhubaneswar. J Mod Technol. 2024;121:121-131.
                power grids, enhancing system stability and reliability.   5.  Solanke AV, Verma SK, Kumar S, Oyinna B, Okedu KE.
                The proposed ACO-FACTS framework, combined with         MPPT for hybrid energy system using machine learning
                renewable energy integration, offers a robust solution for   techniques. J Mod Technol. 2024;121:19-37.
                improving dynamic performance and mitigating stability   6.  Devarapalli R, Bhattacharyya B, Sinha NK, Dey B. Amended
                issues  in  modern  power  systems.  Innovative  financing   GWO  approach  based  on  multi-machine  power  system
                mechanisms to support large-scale deployment of         stability enhancement. ISA Trans. 2021;109:152-174.
                renewable integration have also been recently explored. 34     doi: 10.1016/j.isatra.2020.09.016
                                                                    7.  Reddy  KS,  Babu  KR.  Optimal  SVC  placement  using
                Acknowledgments                                         fuzzy  logic  and  PSO  for  improved  voltage  stability.
                                                                        Electr Power Syst Res. 2008;78(5):837-844.
                                                                    8.  Metavural  S,  Mehmattum  O.  A  full  power  injection
                None.                                                   model for UPFC with modified Jacobian elements. Int J

                                                                        Electr Power Energy Syst. 2010;32(3):229-238.
                Funding                                             9.  Chengaiah M, Marutheswar K. Power flow control using
                                                                        unified  power  flow  controller  (UPFC).  J  Electr  Eng
                None.                                                   Technol. 2011;5(2):256-262.
                                                                    10.  Kumar  A, Nagaraju  K. Minimization  of  transmission
                Conflict of interest                                    network losses using UPFC in power flow studies. Int J
                                                                        Power Energy Syst. 2012;29(3):189-196.
                The authors declare no competing interests.         11.  Vanitha R, Sudhakaran R. Differential evolution algorithm
                                                                        for UPFC optimal placement and loss reduction. Energy
                Author contributions                                    Procedia. 2012;14:1791-1796.
                                                                    12.  Del  Valle  Y,  Venayagamoorthy  GK,  Mohagheghi  S,
                Conceptualization: Vemireddy Suryanarayana Reddy        Hernandez J, Harley RG. Particle swarm optimization:
                                                                        Basic concepts,  variants  and applications  in power
                Formal analysis: All authors                            systems. IEEE Trans Evol Comput. 2008;12(2):171-195.
                Investigation: Vemireddy Suryanarayana Reddy            doi: 10.1109/TEVC.2007.896686
                Methodology: Vemireddy Suryanarayana Reddy          13.  Sreedivya  KM, Jeyanthy  PA, Devaraj  D. Improved
                Writing – original draft: All authors                   design of interval type-2 fuzzy based wide area power
                Writing – review & editing: All authors                 system  stabilizer for inter-area  oscillation  damping.



                Volume 22 Issue 2 (2025)                       166                                 doi: 10.36922/ajwep.8393
   167   168   169   170   171   172   173   174   175   176   177