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Advances in Radiotherapy
& Nuclear Medicine Image-guided interventional radiotherapy

Figure 3. Flowchart of CT-guided fiducial mark implantation. Image provided by author.
Abbreviations: 3D-PCT: 3D-printing coplanar templates; CT-sim: Computed tomography simulator.

A B C D

E F G H

Figure 4. CT-sim guided fiducial mark implantation. (A) Preoperative preparation; (B) Performing CT-sim scan and mark on the patient skin; (C) Standard
sterilization and draping procedures; (D) Installation of a fixation stabilization and navigator system and 3D-PCT; (E) Insertion of needles at the planned
site; (F) Implantation of the fiducial markers; (G) Performing CT-sim scan to assess potential complications; (H) Post-operative care. Image provided by
author.

of recurrent and metastatic solid tumors, by virtue of the to meet precision radiation requirements, leading to
minimal invasiveness benefit of the treatment. diminished efficacy and increased incidence of adverse
The previous version of HDR-BT is a two-dimensional effects. With advancements in HDR-BT, patients require
RT technique relying on X-ray simulation, which failed CT or MRI to ensure precise placement, orientation,

Volume 2 Issue 3 (2024) 4 doi: 10.36922/arnm.3781