Page 14 - BH-2-1

Brain & Heart Hypochloremia in refractory heart failure

doi: 10.1159/000524987 doi: 10.1161/circ.136.suppl_1.17547
11. Kataoka H. Acetazolamide as a potent chloride-regaining 21. Wester PO, Dyckner T. Intracellular electrolytes in cardiac
diuretic: Short-and long-term effects, and its pharmacologic failure. Acta Med Scand Suppl. 1986;707:33-36.
role under the ‘chloride theory’ for heart failure doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb18112.x
pathophysiology. Heart Vessels. 2019;34(12):1952-1960.
22. Braschi A, Naismith DJ. The effect of a dietary supplement of
doi: 10.1007/s00380-019-01433-x potassium chloride or potassium citrate on blood pressure
12. Zandijk AJL, van Norel MR, Julius FEC, et al. Chloride in in predominantly normotensive volunteers. Br J Nutr.
heart failure: The neglected electrolyte. JACC Heart Fail. 2008;99(6):1284-1292.
2021;9(12):904-915. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507864853
doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2021.07.006 23. McCallum L, Lip S, Padmanabhan S. The hidden hand of
13. Adkins GB, Curtis MJ. Potential role of cardiac chloride chloride in hypertension. Pflugers Arch. 2015;467(3):595-603.
channels and transporters as novel therapeutic targets. doi: 10.1007/s00424-015-1690-8
Pharmacol Ther. 2015;145:67-75.
24. Rivera FB, Alfonso P, Golbin JM, et al. The role of serum
doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.08.002 chloride in acute and chronic heart failure: A narrative
14. Huang H, Liu J, Liang Y, et al. Prevalence and mortality of review. Cardiorenal Med. 2021;11(2):87-98.
hypochloremia among patients suffering from coronary doi: 10.1159/000515604
artery disease and congestive heart failure: An analysis of
patients in CIN-I and MIMIC-III databases. Front Med 25. Veizis IE, Cotton CU. Role of kidney chloride channels in
(Lausanne). 2021;8:769646. health and disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007;22(6):770-777.
doi: 10.1007/s00467-006-0355-4
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.769646
26. Masella C, Viggiano D, Molfino I, et al. Diuretic resistance
15. Cuthbert JJ, Pellicori P, Rigby A, et al. Low serum
chloride in patients with chronic heart failure: Clinical in cardio-nephrology: Role of pharmacokinetics,
associations and prognostic significance. Eur J Heart Fail. hypochloremia, and kidney remodeling. Kidney Blood Press
2018;20(10):1426-1435. Res. 2019;44(5):915-927.
doi: 10.1159/000502648
doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1247
27. Elfar A, Sambandam KK. The basic metabolic profile
16. Grodin JL, Simon J, Hachamovitch R, et al. Prognostic role in heart failure-marker and modifier. Curr Heart Fail
of serum chloride levels in acute decompensated heart Rep. 2017;14(4):311-320.
failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;66(6):659-666.
doi: 10.1007/s11897-017-0344-x
doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.007
28. Ravnan SL, Ravnan MC, Deedwania PC. Pharmacotherapy
17. Thongprayoon C, Cheungpasitporn W, Petnak T, in congestive heart failure: Diuretic resistance and strategies
et al. Hospital-acquired serum chloride derangements to overcome resistance in patients with congestive heart
and associated in-hospital mortality. Medicines (Basel). failure. Congest Heart Fail. 2022;8:80-85.
2020;7(7):38.
doi: 10.1111/j.1527-5299.2002.0758.x
doi: 10.3390/medicines7070038
29. Shah N, Madanieh R, Alkan M, Dogar MU, Kosmas CE,
18. Radulović B, Potočnjak I, Dokoza Terešak S, et al. Vittorio TJ. A perspective on diuretic resistance in
Hypochloraemia as a predictor of developing hyponatraemia chronic congestive heart failure. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis.
and poor outcome in acute heart failure patients. Int J 2017;11(10):271-278.
Cardiol. 2016;212:237-241.
doi: 10.1177/1753944717718717
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.03.081
30. Brater DC. Resistance to loop diuretics. Why it happens and
19. Fu Z, An L, Lu X, Sheng L, Liu H. Serum chloride is inversely what to do about it. Drugs. 1985;30:427-443.
associated with 3 months outcomes in Chinese patients with
heart failure, a retrospective cohort study. Front Cardiovasc doi: 10.2165/00003495-198530050-00003
Med. 2022;9:855053. 31. Aronson D. The complexity of diuretic resistance. Eur J
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.855053 Heart Fail. 2017;19:1023-1026.
20. Nakamura J, Yamada T, Morita T, et al. Hypochloremia doi: 10.1002/ejhf.815
predicts poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute 32. Gerlag PG, van Meijel JJ. High-dose furosemide in the
decompensated heart failure irrespective of left ventricular treatment of refractory congestive heart failure. Arch Intern
ejection fraction. Circulation. 2017;136:A17547. Med. 1988;148(2):286-291.

Volume 2 Issue 1 (2024) 8 https://doi.org/10.36922/bh.2257